1)      Identifiy the embedded clauses in the following sentences. Classifiy them according to whether are finite clauses, non – finite clauses, or small clauses.

 My answer is marked with brackets. Furthermore, there is an explanation of my choice.

a)      [ That Louise should have left ] surprised everyone.

“That” selects finite clauses, therefore we find a finite clause here OK

b)     [ The news that Louise has left] surprises everyone.

Here the embedded clause is a finite one.  Not sure.  I would think that The news should be left out of the brackets.  Just that Louise has left is a finite clause.

c)      I consider [ Louise an impossible choice ].

What we find here is an example of a small clause, because it does not contain a verb.  Yes.

d)     I wonder when they will anounce  [that Louise has left. ]

A finite embedded clause. “That” introduces finite clauses.  Yes.

e)      I wonder [ whom I will meet at the party.] 

This is a finite clause because will is part of I, which is inflected for tense ( at least in the book the exercises come from ) Furthermore, whom is a complementizer.  OK.

f)       I asked her [ what to do.]

This is a non-finite clause because of the non-overt subject that is controlled by “I”.  Don't know what "controlled by "I"" is.  Otherwise OK.  It's non-finite.

g)      [ The woman whom you will meet at the party ] is his sister.

A finite embedded clause, because will is inflected for tense. See e)   Again, I think The woman should be left out.  The finite clause starts with whom.

h)      I need a knife [ to cut the bread with.]

A non-finite clause. “to cut” = infinitive  True.

Is this one here the same like (as) in example f)?  This one puzzles me….. I do not understand what happens (is happening) here. It cannot be the same like (as) in example f)  No.  f) has an indirect question used as a noun.  Here you have an adverbial answering the question "Why?", "For what purpose?"

i)        I consider [ that Louise is the best choice.]

Again, a finite clause because of tense and the introducing “that”  Yes.  Plus the inflected form is.

j)       [ For Louise to have left ] surprised everyone.

The same like in a), but this time it is non-finite. “For” introduces non-finite clauses.  OK.

k)     I consider [ Louise to be the best choice.]

Looks nearly like a small clause, but it isn´t. It is a non-finite clause because of “to be”.  OK.

l)        [When they had announced that Louise had left ] everyone was relieved

Not really sure here, I am wondering whether it is possible to claim that the underlined partis the embedded

sentence. Nevertheless it is a finite embedded clause.  I'm beginning to wonder now what the definition of embedded is.  I would call the bracketed portion an adverbial clause.  I don't know if it's considered embedded.  The underlined part is a finite embedded clause in my opinion.

m)    I am not certain [ that Louise has already announced that she is going.]

A finite embedded sentence. OK. Also that she is going.

n)      They all expect [ for Jim to come back.]

A non-finite embedded clause….. “for” is introducing this clause here.  I would say that the for is ungrammatical.  They all expect [Jim to come back].  Non-finite.

o)     They arranged for us  [ to meet Bill at the cinema.]

The same like in f) A non-overt subject controlled by “us”; a non-finite sentence.  I'd include for us in the brackets.  non-finite clause.

CJ