Hi Kooyeen

I really don't have any statistics on which tense would be more frequently used in informal AmE in a passive sentence like yours.  But I do think that we're more likely to the present perfect in "Damn! My bike's been stolen!" than to use the present perfect in "Damn!  Somebody has stolen my bike!"

I found your first response to be misleading because you were assuming/presenting a context that simply was not provided in the original question. You really can't go too wrong if you change a simple past tense active sentence to a simple past tense passive sentence.  And I'm not talking about just on tests -- I'm talking about everyday speech, too.  However, you can go very wrong if you run around blindly changing simple past tense active sentences to present perfect passive sentences. 

In your specific example, I suppose the reason we'd be more likely to use the present perfect in the passive sentence is because in the passive sentence the focus changes from the act of theft (which is finished) to the fact that the new "state" or status of my bike is "not here now".