Good day everyone,
It has been long time since I posted something here.
My question is; sometimes I feel that it is difficult to decide on whether to use articles or not, please take a look at the following examples:
- You need to sit down with (a) pen and (a) paper in order to write your essay.
- It has been (a) long time since I posted something here.
- I went to (the) stock market last night.
- It seems that (the) history repeats itself.
I know there are general rules for using articles, I went through them and could not apply them to the above examples. I may need help from somebody who is really good in this area 
Thank You Very Much In Advance!