Hi,
I'm glad you posted this again, because the earlier thread in which we were discussing it seems to have been deleted.
I told you the first sentence, for example, was basically impossible to understand as written. ie
The present invention has any advantageous effect different from that of another invention
Can we look at a simpler example? eg The taste of Pepsi is better than that of Coke.
If I understand your question correctly, you are asking if the words 'that of' are grammatical.
Yes, they are fine. 'That' refers to 'the taste'.
Note that 'that of' is often omitted in everyday speech and informal writing, ie The taste of Pepsi is better than Coke.
However, use 'that of' in more careful speech and writing, because you are comparing taste to taste, not taste to Coke.
If my Coke/Pepsi example is not the kind of thing you are asking about, please supply another simple example.
Best wishes, Clive