"Businesses like banks
and bakeries are closed."
To be absolutely clear, I would say: "Some farmers refuse to evacuate because the harvest season is approaching." "As" can be used to mean "because," and your use here is correct; but I would prefer "because."
"quake hit cities" is a little awkward. I would say "cities affected by the quake."
"...will take years, if not decades, and will require..."
"Under the national's one-child policy, parents who have lost children in the disaster will be allowed to have another child." "Kid" in this kind of writing is inappropriate.
"who had lost his five-year-old daughter..." Two hyphens. And I was taught to spell out any number smaller than 100, but that's just a style question.
I'd order your last paragraph like this:
In some areas, only the school buildings collapsed, while other buildings were hardly damaged. This has led some residents of these areas to believe that the government cut corners to save money when the schools were constructed, and these parents now blame the government for the deaths of their children. When officials came to clean up the rubble, residents protested and chased them away in an effort to preserve evidence they believe the government was trying to cover up.