It appears that
vaccination is one sort of
inoculation. From Dorland's Medical Dictionary:
inoculation (in·oc·u·la·tion)
(ĭ-nok”u-la´shən)
[L.
inoculatio, from
in into +
oculus
bud] introduction of microorganisms, infective material, serum, and
other substances into tissues of living plants and animals, or culture
media; introduction of a disease agent,
e.g., vaccine virus, into a
healthy individual to produce a mild form of the disease followed by
immunity.
vaccination (vac·ci·na·tion)
(vak”sĭ-na´shən)
[L.
vacca
cow] the introduction of vaccine into the body for the purpose of
inducing immunity. Coined originally to apply to the injection of
smallpox vaccine, the term has come to mean any immunizing procedure in
which vaccine is injected.