Hi Paco,
Yes, I'd say there is a difference. Here are some very brief thoughts.
Makes the lie seem more child-like, more innocent - we say that a child tells a lie.
Seems less morally wrong, more minor.
Separates the person from the 'words'. It does sound a bit religious in tone. Perhaps the separation of person from words offers the implicit hope of forgiveness of sin?
Yes, I think we use the phrase less often
Is not weaker, it sounds worse, more serious. To say a child 'lies' is more serious.
It suggests more of a habit.
We'd be more likely to say a politician 'lied' . It sounds serious
We'd be less likely to say a politician 'told a lie'.
Others may have other opinions?
Clive