Passive

Lin1978 wrote:

Dear Masters, The grammar, "the verb transferred to passive terms", preplexes me all the time. I have read an article,"women with money encounter the fragile male ego on date", in New York Times. There is a sentence in this article, "Women are encountering forms of the hostility they weren't prepared to meet, and are trying to figure out how to balance pride in their accomplishments against their perceived need to bolster the ego of the men they date." So the word "prepared"  here seems to be the verb transferred into the adjective. And I presume the passive meaning of the word "prepared" is that the teachers taught the student to prepare well for the test, therefore, the action was from the teacher and the student was rather passive, like the word "well-behaved," right?  People can also prepare themselves for things.  So, the meaning of a passive interpretation would be "nobody prepared the women" (nobody = neither the women themselves nor anybody else). But the word "perceived" here really got me. From my point of view, The emotion and recognition of a women's percept should be active. Why didn't the author use the word "perceivable need" or "perceiving need?" Though it does have a passive sense, the word "perceived" is definitely used as an adjective to describe the noun 'need'.  It refers to a completed action.  In the sentence, "perceived need" means that women have already perceived that there is an outside need to do something.  "Perceivable" would mean "possible to perceive".  If the author had used "perceivable" in the sentence, that would have meant that it is possible for someone else to perceive the women's need.  So, the meaning would be quite different. "Perceiving need" doesn't make any sense to me at all in the sentence.  That would sound as though the need (rather than a person) was doing the perceiving. Is this usage like I am "interested", "excited", and "surprised"? No, not really. The same question occuring in the sentence like "PS3 has been successfully produced after repeated experiments and tests." "Repeated" is an adjective and it tells you that experiments and tests were done again and again before PS3 was successfully produced. Can I write the sentence like, "PS3 has been successfully produced after repeating experiments and tests," You might write it this way: "After repeating the experiments and tests, PS3 has finally been successfully produced." In this case, "after repeating" would mean "after we/they repeated".  or "PS3 has been successfully produced after being repeated experiments and tests." ? No Thank you for your patient to read my question.

Lin1978 wrote:

Thank you, Master Yankee. Your answer is quite clear. But I still have one small question. Last time my teacher told me that, "if I have two different subjects in a main clause and in a conditional, and I want to use the participle phrase, I have to keep both two subjects or change it into possessive case to avoid getting confused." That sounds about right, except that you cannnot simply insert the subject into a participle phrase.  You must also change the participle to the appropriate verb tense. In this sentence, there is no need to add "we" or "they" in the conditional (1), like "after we repeating the experiments and tests, PS3 has finally been successfully produced,"(2) or change it into "after our repeating experiments and tests, PS3 has finally been successfully produced." (3) Because the subject is clear and no one will get confused. Am I right?