New2grammarIt sounds like Joe has been continuously kicking the ball for the past 5 years.
Not any more than the active form says so. Joe has been kicking that ball for the past five years. Transforming a silly active into a passive is not going to de-sillify it! 
The alternate interpretation is reasonable, however: Joe has kicked the ball for a period of time many times throughout the past five years.
Compare: Alexandra has been working on that quilt for ten years. / George has been writing his novel for 18 years.
CJ