Students are often led to believe that the past perfect must indicate a
situation that existed before another. (This is true in
general.) But, following this logic, it seems that the past
perfect could never occur in a
before clause. (It 'should' only occur in the main clause in such cases.)
But the use of the past perfect in a
before clause is
quite common regardless of the time sequence -- as in "I saw the end
before we had begun". [There's usually some surprising logic and
a hidden negative in these: I (already) saw the end (and that was
surprising) because we had
not (even) begun (yet). ]
Here are some others I found on various websites. Note the implied negatives. (had not yet ... when)
Mozart died before he had completed the Requiem Mass.
[He had not yet completed the Mass when he died..]
One of the fast things suddenly zoomed by from the left and was gone before he had even realized it was coming.
[He had not yet realized it was coming when it zoomed by.]
Before he had finished speaking, another servant came in and said that dinner was ready.
[He had not yet finished speaking when this happened.]
He was whisked away to his next appointment before he had announced the finalists.
[He had not yet announced the finalists when he was whisked away.]
A terrible scream cleaved the air before he had walked very far.
[He had not yet walked far when the scream was heard.]
Before he had even recovered, ten days later he tried suicide again.
[He had not yet recovered when he tried suicide.]
He was surely the first man to be a senior official in the Ryder Cup before he had even played in the grand old match.
[He had not yet played in that match when he became a senior official.]
___________
Compare with the "normal" sequence of tenses, with no implied negations:
Jack had met her at a business conference before he noticed her that night at the party.
Before they proceeded with their project they had planned every detail, of course.
The politicians had used every trick in the book to pass the bill before they finally gave up.
___________
I would not be surprised to learn that
before with implied negation (with the past perfect) is used more than
before with the normal sequence of tenses.
CJ