Prep. verb + prep. object, or V + adverbial PP ??

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Guest  #78504  Sat, 05 Mar 05 01:05 AM
"The boy looked after the sheep."

Would you analyze this as:

The Boy (Subject-NP) looked (V) after the sheep (Adverbial PP).

or

The Boy (Subject-NP) looked after (Prepositional Verb) the sheep (Prepositional Object).


Thanks for your help.
  
equivocal  #78542  Sat, 05 Mar 05 03:13 AM
It depends on whether you want 'look after' to mean 'take care of', which I assume you do. I'd analyse it as:

[The boy]-SubjNP(or DP depending on what framework you use) [[looked after]-V [the sheep]-ObjNP]-VP

with 'look after' being a phrasal verb.
  
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Casi  #78544  Sat, 05 Mar 05 03:18 AM
I agree with Eq:

The boy looked after the sheep. (Phrasal verb)
  
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cacarr  #78618  Sat, 05 Mar 05 08:37 AM
This was posted by an English L2 roomate of mine in response to a discussion that we were having about prep. and phrasal verbs vs. free combination. Got me thinking about the whole subject.

"Looked after" isn't a transitive phrasal verb, correct? For one thing, I can stick an adverbial between the lexical verb and the prep: Looked silently after. But I can't split it with the object as I think you can with a transitive phrasal verb: Hang up the phone. Hang the phone up.

This isn't entirely clear to me.
  
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equivocal  #78678  Sat, 05 Mar 05 01:47 PM
"Looked after" isn't a transitive phrasal verb, correct? For one thing, I can stick an adverbial between the lexical verb and the prep: Looked silently after. But I can't split it with the object as I think you can with a transitive phrasal verb: Hang up the phone. Hang the phone up.


This is not possible for 'hang up":

*Hang silently up the phone

It looks like you might have discovered a pattern in phrasal verb usage... :D Some people argue that seperable phrasal verbs are the REAL phrasal verbs. Others argue otherwise. What do you think?

eq
  
cacarr  #78757  Sat, 05 Mar 05 09:30 PM
My point was that "looked after" is a prepositional verb, not a phrasal verb as was suggested in the thread. I've been trying to understand the difference. It seems that many people are not aware that there is one.

I think this is correct:

Prepositional verb Type 1 - np+lexical verb+prep+prepositional object NP

Prepositional verb Type 2 - np+lexical verb+direct object NP+prep+prepositional object NP

Prep. verbs are always transitive. Phrasal verbs can be either.

Phrasal verb= lexical verb+ adverbial particle (in the form of a prep)

Transitive Phrasal verbs:
take on
make up

Intransitive Phrasal verbs:
Shut up
Stand up

Prepositional verbs:
go for
waiting for
stared at

Ah...I think I feel better now. Excuse me for thinking out loud on your board.


  
equivocal  #78821  Sun, 06 Mar 05 03:33 AM
My point was that "looked after" is a prepositional verb, not a phrasal verb as was suggested in the thread. I've been trying to understand the difference. It seems that many people are not aware that there is one.


My error, I misunderstood. I know prepositional verbs as inseperable phrasal verbs which is "terminologically" erroneous.

As far as I know, phrasal verbs then are seperable with particle movement ("I looked it up") and prepositional verbs are not. But I wouldn't say "the sheep" in your original sentence is a prepositional object. It's still a noun phrase so a direct object.

eq
  
cacarr  #78830  Sun, 06 Mar 05 04:27 AM
"It's still a noun phrase so a direct object."

It's a prepositional object NP. Technically, it is not a direct object.

I've looked this up recently. All prepositional verbs take prepositional objects.
  
Casi  #78843  Sun, 06 Mar 05 06:31 AM
All prepositional verbs take prepositional objects.


True. But what do we do with ambi-structural "looked after"?

They looked [after the sheep] (DO)
They looked after [the sheep] (DO)

What evidence is there that speakers don't parse "look after" as a unit and "the sheep" as its direct object? It seems all too neat 'n tidy to lump verbs of phrase into two categories.

The distinction between phrasal verbs and prepositional verbs is based on modification, or rather determining whether the bits that follow the verb are an integral part of the verb's meaning (i.e., DO) or modification (i.e., Adverb). Going back to our example "after the sheep", it definitely does not function as an adverb; it's an object of some sort, we know that, and whether it's a DO or the O of P doesn't seem to matter all that much with regards to meaning. O is required by P. If P is an integral part of V, then O, by proximity alone functions as part of P. In other words, structurally, the noun "the sheep" functions as the object of the preposition "after", but, and in terms of semantics, its contribution is ambi-structural. It goes both ways. The line between "looked" and "after" is fuzzy. Are they one semantic unit or are they two? It's a nano distinction.

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Prepositional verbs are verbs such as abide by in (7), refer to in (8), glance at, lean against, account for, reply to, absolve from, long for, yearn for, argue about, and defer to in which the P with the NP functions as an object:

7. They abided by the contract.

8. He referred to that article.

These verbs require a PP, i.e. (9) and (10) are ungrammatical, and that's why the PP is considered an object rather than an adverbial.

9. *He abides.

10. *He refers all the time.

SOURCE: [link]
  
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