I had asked a similar question before and I got many diffrent answers! One was like:

So, we can say that generally we use the present perfect to talk about experiences, changes over time, accomplishments, and uncompleted actions we expect to be completed. Examples: Experience: I have been to England many times. Change over time: You have grown since I last saw you. Accomplishment: My daughter has learned to drive.
Uncompleted task expected to be completed: The snow has not stopped.

Then how about these: The train has arrived/arrived!
or I've attached a picture to the e-mail!
or I've changed my address!
or I've started smoking

Would you use the present perfect there as well? And if yes why? What makes you choosing this tense?
(please only native americans)

 

Is it because they have a relation with the present then what about: I broke my leg! or I lost my key! These are also related with the present but I've been told that americans they usually wouldn't use present perfect there! Is there a difference of how it affects the future! Please help!