I am not taking sides here, but as a native speaker, I would never, ever say "I and Peter" (unless I changed my mind about what I wanted to say as I was saying it: "I.... uh, oh, and Peter too, I guess, will be a the party.")
Negative or positive, it will always be "Peter and I."
(As a side note, I agree with Sailing to the extent that there are some people who look for tiny nuances and report them as though they are firm rules. There are about 10 pages of posts on how "he must" "he has to" and "he is required to" differ, for example, and in my personal usage, 98% of the time, they are the same. Likewise, "he may" or "he might" are almost synonymous, but that didn't keep people from talking about it for four or more pages. And likewise, I agree with Yoong Liat that it's worth consulting many sources to increase your knowledge.)