My two cents.
1. A. troubled
If I were troubled by your question(s), it would be the content of the question that troubled me.
If a teenager asks his father for information about how to build a
bomb, the father might be troubled by that question. It is
something that makes the father wonder why the question was
asked. It is a worrisome matter.
B. disturbed.
1. If I were disturbed by your question(s), it could also be the content of the question that was disturbing.
If you ask me if I've seen the bloody accident that just occurred nearby, I might be disturbed by that.
2. If I were very busy and you interrupted me by asking your
question(s), I would feel that you disturbed me -- that you disturbed
my train of thought in what I was working on.
C. bothered
If I were bothered by your question, again it might be the content, or
it might be the fact of asking the question that bothered me.
This is very much like disturbed, but the degree of feeling is less
intense, in my opinion. Being disturbed usually affects a person more
deeply one time; being bothered may be caused by repetitive minor
disturbances.
D. annoyed
If I were annoyed by your question, it may be because I feel that you should know
the answer to the question yourself or it may be because it was a
question of a personal nature that I did not think it was proper of you
to ask me. In any case my annoyance borders on anger.
behind is a position at the back part of something else, often quite near it.
The park is located behind the church. (If you go to the back part of the church, you will see the park there.)
beyond is a position at a greater distance than something else, sometimes a much greater distance.
The museum you are looking for is beyond the river. (You have to travel as far as the river, and then you have to travel farther to reach the museum.)
CJ