On a website, some adj. phrase has an ommitted "since" in the beginning.
"[Since] having been a office worker, he knew how to use a computer"
Clause: "Since he has been a officer worker, he knew how to use a computer".
The "having been" is an adjective modifying the noun "he".
However, what about after prepositions that also act as conjunctions at times.
"Before going to the mall, he dropped by the library"
The website says "going to the mall" is a gerund as it follows the preposition "before". However, judging from the example above, I might disagree. =S
"Before *he goes the mall*, he dropped by the library".
Now the "going to the mall" modifies "he" and is not an object of the preposition.
Can someone clear me up on this?