Reported speech

When we use the exact words of the speaker or writer are used  it's called quoted speech.

 If a statement is put into reported speech, the reporting verb is usually in the simple past and the verb in the reported statement is usually changed to a past tense.

Simple past  ---------------->    simple past

present progressive --------->   past progressive

present perfect     ---------->    past perfect

will     --------------------->     would

can     --------------------->     could

Reported speech, when written, is used without quotation marks; it often requires alterations in the pronouns or tense complements/adverbs - regardless of the tense of the reporting verb.

On the other hand, quoted speech reproduces the exact words of the original speaker, and, if written, requires quotation marks.