Some questions about modifer

Can the prepositional phrase serve as either the adverbial or the attribute in the following sentence? (1)He can not make a judgement from the outside (attribute?) (2)He had a thrilled expression on his face (attribute?)

A couple of suggestions for you to consider:

He cannot make a judgment from the outside. 
1.  In AmE, "cannot" and "can not" are used interchangeably.  You could also use "can't" (usually in a more informal setting).
2.  In AmE, "judgment" is usually spelled without the "e" (don't ask me why, it just is!).
3.  In reading the sentence, I would like a tad more information about "the outside."  The outside of what?  The outside of a court case (or) the outside of a courtroom, for example?

He had a thrilled expression on his face. 
1.  The sentence looks fine to me. 
2.  To simplify one could say, "He looked thrilled."

from the outside
on his face

seem both adverbials to me.

Please help me.