jack112  +  323785 Sun, 04 Feb 07 12:13 AM 1. This removal reduces the number of components that are to be patched and made secure, which, in turn, has the potential to reduce entry points available to a possible intruder. (What is the subject for 'has'?  How do you figure out?) Thanks. jack112 Joined on Thu, Jul 22 2004 Regular Member 715

	Marius Hancu  +  323787 Sun, 04 Feb 07 12:20 AM Ask the question: What has the potential to reduce ...? If you don't have the answer, you haven't yet understood the sentence. Don't look for structure before meaning. Marius Hancu Joined on Wed, Apr 26 2006 Veteran Member 11,673

	MrPedantic  +  323797 Sun, 04 Feb 07 12:57 AM 1. This removal reduces the number of components that are to be patched and made secure, which, in turn, has the potential to reduce entry points available to a possible intruder. It is quite a difficult sentence to understand. The subject of "has" is "which"; the antecedent of "which", however, is only implicit. You can think of it like this: This removal reduces the number of components that are to be patched and made secure. Reducing he number of components that are to be patched and made secure, in turn, has the potential to reduce entry points available to a possible intruder. All the best, MrP MrPedantic Joined on Tue, Oct 12 2004 Veteran Member 12,592 ...opella forensis / adducit febris...

	jack112  +  324417 Mon, 05 Feb 07 12:56 AM 1. The password that is used for authentication, and the data transported between the systems during such communication sessions, is not encrypted. (Do the commas here make the subject singular thus the verb 'is' Why make the subject singular? 2). The password that is used for authentication and the data transported between the systems during such communication sessions are not encrypted. (Do I have a plural subject now without the commas? Password and data would be the subject. What difference does it make if the subject is singular or plural?) Thanks. jack112 Verbs, Plurals, Commas, Plural Subject

	Grammar Geek  +  324422 Mon, 05 Feb 07 01:15 AM Jack, your second version reads better to me. Grammar Geek Joined on Tue, Jan 10 2006 Veteran Member 19,669 Barbara, who answers in American English. My housekeeping skills attest to the truth of the second law of thermodynamics: Left to themselves, things get more and more random!

	jack112  +  332120 Thu, 22 Feb 07 12:11 PM What is the subject for 'which' ? I can't seem to figure it out. Thanks. 1. According to Natural Resources Canada, the west cost of Canada is one of the few areas in the world where all three kinds of geological plate movements are present, which causes more than 1,000 earthquakes a year. Could the subject be 'having' ? 2. Having three kinds of geological plate movements causes more than 1,000 earthquakes a year. Or could it be 'three kinds of geological plate movements' ? 3. All three kinds of geological plate movements are present, which cause more than 1,000 earthquakes a year. jack112

	Inchoateknowledge  +  332124 Thu, 22 Feb 07 12:34 PM "which" refers back to the fact that there are all three tectonic movements present at the west cost of Canada. There is no subject but referent. This is what they call it. Inchoateknowledge Joined on Wed, May 3 2006 Senior Member 2,549 Beep! Beep! :)

	jack112  +  332503 Fri, 23 Feb 07 04:15 PM 1. Winbindd communicates with domain controllers for providing information such as the groups to which a user belongs. It also provides an interface to Windows' LanManager authentication schemes, commonly referred to as NTLM authentication, for Unix services other than Samba. (Is 'commonly' referring to 'Winbindd'? ) jack112

	Grammar Geek  +  332520 Fri, 23 Feb 07 05:21 PM  Winbindd communicates with domain controllers for providing information such as the groups to which a user belongs. It also provides an interface to Windows' LanManager authentication schemes, commonly referred to as NTLM authentication, for Unix services other than Samba. (Is 'commonly' referring to 'Winbindd'? ) In this case, I believe the commonly is referring to how the authentication schemes are called. Grammar Geek