It means "present times" - the time that is now and in which things are happening, whether locally, nationally or internationally.
Usage in newspaper titles stems from "The Times of London", started in 1788, publishing commercial news and notices along with some scandal. By the
mid-1800s it had become a widely respected national journal and
daily historical record.
Here's CUP's definition of "times":
a period in history:
Charles Dickens' novel "A Tale of Two Cities" is set at the time
of the French Revolution.
In/During medieval times, women thought to be witches were burnt at the stake.
In times gone by, all crops were harvested by hand.
Times
were hard (= The conditions of life were uncomfortable) when I was a boy.
He is widely regarded as one of the best writers of
modern/our times (= the present or very recent past).
I never thought it would happen
in my time (= before I died).
We sat and talked about
old times (= things that had happened to us in the past.)