This is a big topic, but briefly:
1-- verbs are modified by
adverbs: 'I study
diligently'.
2-- adverbs can usually appear in various positions: 'I
carefully sat up. I sat up
carefully.
Carefully, I sat up.'
3-- They can be compared: I can run
fast / faster / fastest.
4-- They have no singular or plural forms, or tense markers: I shoot
well. She shoots
well. They shot
well.
Is that enough information to get you started?