Hi Ryan,
Your feeling about these sentences is right.
Michael Swan discusses this in his Practical English Usage (Section 13).
Briefly, the verbs be, seem, appear, look, sound, taste, feel, smell can be used with adjectives. The adjective is really describing the subject of the sentence. eg The car looks red.
There are also some other, less common cases in which other verbs can be used with adjecives.
This kind of question is certainly appropriate for this part of the Forum.
Best wishes, Clive