FYI
Indian English, the largest second language variety of English, is undergoing a process of structural nativization that leads to the variety developing a semi-autonomous norm-developing potential.
http://hrza1.hrz.uni-giessen.de/forschungsbericht/layout/einzel95.cfm?FB=05&Institut=2100&lfd_Nr=90p
Indian English belongs to NIVEs (Non-native Institutionalized Varieties of English), which strongly resemble forms which are found in learner languages and at one time may have been the result individual language acquisition. Yet these varieties, according to Williams's claims, have spread throughout the population and become institutionalized, thus becoming "regional standards"; moreover these NIVEs are now themselves the target of second language acquisitions.
http://www.ciil.org/Main/Announcement/MBE_Programme/session6/martinagosh.htm
Using the Optimality-theoretic insight that a grammar of a linguistic variety is a set of ranked constraints, I was able to provide an account of the theoretically problematic differences between two varieties of Indian English: vernacular Indian English (VIE) and standard Indian English (SIE). The differences between these two grammars are most conspicuous in the syntax of wh-questions, Focus, non-overt subjects/objects, and expletive (it) subjects. My research reveals that while VIE allows subject-verb inversion in indirect questions and forbids it in direct questions, the mirror opposite holds of SIE. VIE also allows non-overt subjects and objects as well as non-overt expletive subjects; these are disallowed in SIE. Finally, in VIE, but not in SIE, object noun phrases that are focused do not appear in positions where they are (Case) licensed. In my analysis (1995, 1997, 2000), I conclude that these grammatical differences arise due to different rankings of the same constraints, a theoretically desirable account.
http://www.linguistics.uiuc.edu/rbhatt/syntax_LanguageContact.htm