Search results for 'tag:Constructions tag:Dynamic verbs' matching tags 'Constructions' and 'Dynamic verbs'

Verbs

ganesh77 — Sun, 16 Mar 2008 09:38:41 GMT

The list isn't meant to be exhaustive or carefully arranged. Any additions, corrections or further examples would be welcomed.

1 main verbs; lexical verbs (all verbs which are not auxiliaries or modals)

2 action verbs; event verbs; dynamic verbs (a verb which can be used in continuous tenses) i.e. eat, run, talk

3 state of being verbs; existence verbs; state verbs; stative verbs; static verbs (a verb which describes a state and is not usually used in a continuous tense) i.e. be, own, know

4 regular verbs (a verb that has four forms and follows the normal rules)

5 irregular verbs; strong verbs (a verb not following the normal rules for inflection)

6 auxiliary and modal verbs (which make up verbal phrases) â 23 in total

7 linking verbs; copulative verbs; copulas (a verb which links the subject and complement of a clause) i.e. It is warm today.

8 transitive verbs (a verb used to talk about an action or event that involves more than one person or thing, and so is followed by an object) i.e. Sheâs wasting her money.

9 intransitive verbs (a verb used to talk about an action or event that only involved the subject and so has no object) i.e. She arrived.

10 multiword verbs

a type 1 â intransitive [phrasal verbs; adverb particle

b type 2 â transitive (inseparable) [prepositional verbs; preposition particles]

c type 3 â transitive (separable) [phrasal verbs; adverb particle]

d type 4 â transitive (with two inseparable particles) [phrasal-prepositional verbs; first particle is an adverb, second particle is a preposition]

11 compound verbs

12 delexical verbs (a verb which has very little meaning in itself but is used with an object to describe an action) i.e. She gave a small cry.

13 ditransitive verbs (a verb which can have both a direct and indirect object) i.e. She gave me a kiss.

14 ergative verbs (a verb which can be used transitively to focus on the performer of the action, or intransitively to focus on the thing affected by the action) i.e. He boiled the water. The water boiled.

15 reporting verbs; performance verbs; performative verbs (a verb used with a quote or a reported clause to describe what people say or think) i.e. suggest, say, wonder

16 reciprocal verbs (a verb which describes an action involving two people doing the same thing to each other) i.e. They met in the street.

17 reflexive verbs (a verb which is typically used with a reflexive pronoun) i.e. Donât cut yourself with that knife.

18 defective verbs (a verb without all the inflected forms of a regular verb) i.e. modals

19 finite and non-finite

a infinitives

b gerunds; verbal nouns

c participles

20 catenative verbs (a verb that takes other verb forms as objects; found at the head of a series of linked constructions) i.e. We agreed to try to decide to stop eating snacks.

21 causative verbs (a verb that designates the action necessary to cause another action to happen) i.e. The devil made me do it.

Re: a grammar question

K.O. — Sat, 11 Mar 2006 13:09:00 GMT

David Hume went (intransitive, dynamic verb turning, inevitably, the word between 'so and as' into an adverb) so far as to argue that feelings of love and sexuality were the foundation of all human society.

He is(a stative verb) so honest(adj.) as to be trusted by all.

Hi paco, Yes but you have missed something, that I said 'similar constructions', in which you may have to copy how the reference verb 'go' is.

For example: The baloon went so high as to be seen from everywhere.

She ran almost so fast as to catch the running train.

Re: "unusually aggressively"

miriam — Fri, 26 Aug 2005 08:49:07 GMT

The difference between stative and dynamic (called âactiveâ in this thread) verbs does not lie in transitivity (there are transitive stative and dynamic verbs), but in the type of relation in which the verbs stand with respect to the construction/s that follow them.

In sentences such as the following:

1. âOnly John knows the answer.â

2. âThe man grew tired.â

3. âSusan became a teacher.â

the verbs are stative. Yet, the verb in sentence # 1 is the only one that is transitive (it has a direct object).

Dynamic verbs may also be transitive or intransitive:

4. âAnna made her bed.â (T)

5. âThe dog barked.â (I)

6a. âThe visitor rang the bell.â (T)

6b. âThe bell rang.â (I)

It is perhaps interesting to mention, as a side note, that an intransitive verb may have a specific type of object, called âcognateâ object, which is more or less implied in the verb itself, as in:

7. âShe cried sad tears.â

The verbs in sentences #1, #4, #5, #6a and #6b are âextensiveâ verbs.

Those in sentences #2 and #3 are âintensiveâ. In other words, they have an intensive relation with the subject. The action or state expressed by the verb does not pass onto an object (from a syntactic point of view). We usually refer to these verbs as linking or copulative.

In the two pairs of sentences posted by Roro:

1. He acts/is acting strangely.

2. He acts/is acting strange.

3. He looks tenderly.

4. He looks tender.

First of all, none of the verbs in these sentences is used transitively, which shows that we can have both stative and dynamic verbs without a direct object.

Also, we can say #1, #2 and #3 extensive and dynamic verbs (used intransitively).

The verb in #4, however, is neither extensive nor dynamic. âLookâ has different meanings in sentences #3 and #4. It is an action in sentence #3 (âtenderlyâ refers to the verb, to the way in which âheâ looks at someone or something), but it is not one in sentence #4. There is no action performed in that sencence. We could have said âhe seems tenderâ, or perhaps âhe appears tenderâ, and âtenderâ would still be referring to the subject of the sentence, not to the verb. In sentence #3, an action is performed âin a tender wayâ. In sentence #4, the subject (he) is/looks/seems tender.

In short, we do not have a proportion here. We cannot say that sentence #1 is to #3 as #2 is to #4.

I would think that the use of adjectives in the way "strange" is used in sentence #2 is a sort of "(poetic)licence" native speakers of English took, for some reason, some time ago; something that may have been frowned upon, perhaps, at first but which is now becoming -or has already become- accepted. Is this idea wrong?

Anyway, I think I have written too much for something that might have been (better) explained in fewer words, but I tend to be long-winded. And I have a headache now, so I am leaving this thread in peace.

Miriam