<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"><channel><title>Search results for 'tag:Constructions tag:Numbers' matching tags 'Constructions' and 'Numbers'</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/search/pro.htm?q=tag%3aConstructions+tag%3aNumbers&amp;tag=Constructions,Numbers&amp;orTags=0</link><description>Search results for 'tag:Constructions tag:Numbers' matching tags 'Constructions' and 'Numbers'</description><dc:language>en-US</dc:language><generator>CSMOD (Build: 3170.31378)</generator><item><title>the essay: new buildings should be built in the traditionial way?</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/EssayBuildingsBuiltTraditionial/gkrwm/post.htm</link><pubDate>Sun, 03 Aug 2008 18:45:57 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:550404</guid><dc:creator>ToastBaby</dc:creator><description>Hi guys. I am not a english-speaking person. But i want to improve my english gramma and vocabulory.&lt;br /&gt;Before i found this fourm, i was lost in how to complete a discussion essay.&lt;br /&gt;So.. could u help me to see which is the problem in my essay? thank you the warm-hearted man!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  Normal 0  7.8 ç£ 0 2  false false false               MicrosoftInternetExplorer4          &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Some people think new buildings in cities and towns should be built in traditional styles. To what extent do you agree?&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Have you ever moved when you stand in a old house which existed several centuries? Have you ever felt sorry when you saw a traditional building was been destroyed to satisfy the demand of the real estate company? Have you ever seriously think about what the heritages ancestors left us but we did not treasured? If you have done above mentioned, you have to support my point of view - making new buildings in traditional style is a remarkable way to recover the losses what have already occured.&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;For one thing, traditional style is the product of the ancient civilization, it represents the history and culture of a community. The historian could find the details of the olden custom, the fiction writer could be inspired to create a story, the architect could acquire the wisdom from these construction.&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;For a second, human beings have made many mistakes in the process of the development, ruining the old buildings is one of these. For instance, when it comes to the 20th century, with the improvement of technology, some people claim that the old houses were not suitable to the requirements of the new age any more. Thus, a large number of projects of rebuilding made the city enter into the modernization. But when people were recalling their history, they found that there were nothing to prove what they had seen in the books.&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;For another, local tourism economy also could be boomed by the traditional style, it could attract lots of tourists from all over the world. People are curious about what the traditional buildings look like and what is the local custom in the olden times.&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Finally, there are at least 2 method to solve the &amp;#39;old buildings are not suitable to the modern life&amp;#39;. The first one is making the new buildings both have the features of traditional and modern styles -- traditional outside and fashion inside. &lt;span style="color:#111111;"&gt;&lt;span style="color:red;"&gt;The other one&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is dividing the city into two areas -- the ancient city and the new city.&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;h2&gt;In light of the above-mentioned facts, i would like to say that recovering the traditional style is a enormous way to let us remember the history and look into the future.&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div&gt; &lt;hr align="left" /&gt;  &lt;div&gt; &lt;div id="_com_1"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a name="_msocom_1"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: These ones and those ones</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/TheseOnesAndThoseOnes/2/gjrqq/Post.htm#545631</link><pubDate>Wed, 23 Jul 2008 22:25:00 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:545631</guid><dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator><description>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/englishforums/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Anonymous&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;It is true that &amp;quot;ones,&amp;quot; according to proper grammar should not follow &amp;quot;these&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;those&amp;quot; only because one is a singular object. If there is a plural number, &amp;quot;one&amp;quot; becomes inappropriate however there are few people I know (I live in the midwest US) that do not use this construction, as in common speech leaving an object out of a sentence sounds strange or over educated.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; My wife and I both hail from the Southwestern US (California and Arizona, mainly), and we disagree on this.&amp;nbsp; I&amp;#39;ve never used &amp;quot;these ones&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;those ones&amp;quot;, and I think it sounds clumsy and unnatural.&amp;nbsp; She and her family have always used it, and don&amp;#39;t don&amp;#39;t an eyelash over it.&amp;nbsp; It&amp;#39;s sort of like when you&amp;#39;re a good speller, but you need to see the written word, to see how it looks, to know if it&amp;#39;s right or not.&amp;nbsp; I&amp;#39;m not a grammar expert, but I understand English better than most, and when I hear that it just makes me wince ever so slightly.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/englishforums/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Grammar Geek&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anon, what pronoun would you suggest then for something to replace &amp;quot;pens&amp;quot; in the second and third line below?&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;I&amp;#39;m looking for a particular set of drawing pens.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Are these the &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;pens&lt;/span&gt; you&amp;#39;re looking for?&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Thanks, but no, those aren&amp;#39;t the &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;pens&lt;/span&gt; I&amp;#39;m looking for.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;(I agree that &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Those ones&lt;/em&gt; aren&amp;#39;t the right ones&amp;quot; is wrong - it&amp;#39;s simply &amp;quot;&lt;em&gt;Those&lt;/em&gt;.&amp;quot; But I don&amp;#39;t agree that ones can&amp;#39;t be plural.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;See, this the weird thing.&amp;nbsp; While that last sentence doesn&amp;#39;t sound right, this one does:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Are these the &lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;pens&lt;/span&gt; you&amp;#39;re looking for?&lt;/blockquote&gt; &lt;blockquote&gt;Thanks, but no, those aren&amp;#39;t the ones I&amp;#39;m looking for.&lt;/blockquote&gt;</description></item><item><title>cany any one check grammer/ flow critiuqe</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/CanyCheckGrammerFlowCritiuqe/ggmqp/post.htm</link><pubDate>Sun, 29 Jun 2008 20:27:55 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:534359</guid><dc:creator>afarmboy87</dc:creator><description>&lt;font&gt; &lt;p&gt;Hello my name is Bryan, and I am writing this letter as I have found myself to be in a bit of a predicament. I believe my situation I a little unique, so forgive me if you find my cover letter a little unconventional. I am looking for full time employment, and will need to relocate. As this may not be uncommon, bare with me one moment as I explain. I have a wife and kids in a country other than mine. After a three year wait, it was planned and expected, that my family would be able to immigrate in to the united states, in June two thousand eight. Some unexpected situations arose, and now my family will be unable to apply until two thousand thirteen! With a one year old boy I have hardy seen, and another one on the way, I am saying good by to my job, selling every thing I own, and saying hello to the international job market. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Who am I and what can I do for you, This will be difficult to sum up, as I definitely due not fall into the norm! At 38 this is my first cover letter to prelude my first resume. I was raised within a multimillion dollar muti-corparation family. We owned several farms, a large trucking company, excavating business and a landfill. Buy the age of twelve, I would be performing independently, tasks and operations, that a typical person may be faced with after training in there mid to late twenties. By the time I was twenty, I was producing show quality cars in my own automotive business. I went on to work, or contract, in almost every facet of residential construction. I now find myself behind a desk quite often, as I do purchasing for a industrial construction firm, as well maintain there fleet and repair all equipment and tools.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;I do not come neatly packaged with a degree for you to hang on your wall, or with a number of years study in a particular field. I come very rounded, very mindful of ramifications of any move, or any situation, in any type of business. Being a businessman my self I can appreciate the purpose, forethought, planning, preparation, expense, implementation and the anticipated change or improvement of any given job. I am not at the apex of my career, and certainly my collar is still blue. I have never been worried about what time lunch is, or dwell on those days where you put in nineteen hours for eight hours pay. I am a company man, from a company family, and I know what it takes.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;I am contacting you because you offer employment outside the United States. As I may be qualified for a particular opening you have posted, you may want to consider me for a opening where I miss the mark. As I am very motivated, and always eager to learn. Encountering a place where I can work, live, and reunite my family is paramount. That said do not feel reluctant to offer me a menial position. You will quickly recognize my abilities people always do.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Thanks Bryan &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</description></item><item><title>singular or plural?</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/SingularOrPlural/gdxcj/post.htm</link><pubDate>Wed, 28 May 2008 09:24:29 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:519954</guid><dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator><description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;quot;There is/are a countless number of possible solutions.&amp;quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Which is the correct grammatical construction?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;There is a countless number...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;or &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;there are ... possible solutions?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;Thanks&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Is the sentence structure right?</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/SentenceStructureRight/2/gbpwp/Post.htm#510525</link><pubDate>Tue, 06 May 2008 19:18:28 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:510525</guid><dc:creator>Goodman</dc:creator><description>Liat,&lt;br /&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#111111;"&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;I donât think the correct answer should be dependent on&amp;nbsp; the number of student&amp;nbsp;based on the original question which was &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;only 5% of the students are placed after completion of their training&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#111111;"&gt;. Clearly, the subject is the percentage which is &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;â5%â, not the student; if my understanding is true.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#111111;"&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;My question was, should âisâ be used instead of âareâ? And I think it should.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#111111;"&gt;If this statement is transformed into a question, it would be &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;âwhat is the &lt;strong&gt;percentage &lt;/strong&gt;of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:black;"&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Job placement after the students completed their training? &lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Not how many students are placed.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:black;"&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;For the same reason:&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:black;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;set &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:black;"&gt;of tires for&amp;nbsp;my new car &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:black;"&gt; me $500, not âcostâ. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;A group&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:black;"&gt; of students &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;was found&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:black;"&gt; lost in the forest.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:black;"&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;Common belief is plural verb should be used in this kind of sentence construction. &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:black;"&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;sup&gt;We need the gurus to clear up this oneâ¦.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Abbreviation of &amp;quot;number&amp;quot;</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AbbreviationOfNumber/2/zqmch/Post.htm#499722</link><pubDate>Sat, 12 Apr 2008 13:17:27 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:499722</guid><dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator><description>&lt;p&gt;In SMM7 (Standard method of measurement, for construction) the word &amp;#39;number&amp;#39; is abbreviated by &amp;#39;nr&amp;#39;, I personall use &amp;#39;nr&amp;#39;, but I haven&amp;#39;t seen it used anywhere else.&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: articles before past-participle adjectives</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/ArticlesPastParticipleAdjectives/zqljg/post.htm#499551</link><pubDate>Fri, 11 Apr 2008 22:20:29 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:499551</guid><dc:creator>Goodman</dc:creator><description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#444444;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;font&gt;1.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#444444;"&gt;Increased staffing level&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:red;"&gt;&lt;span style="text-decoration:underline;"&gt;&lt;strike&gt;s&lt;/strike&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#444444;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:red;"&gt;to add&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#444444;"&gt; development capacity was one of the reasons behind the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;increased&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; G&amp;amp;A expenses. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;â I find the construction a bit ackward. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;IMO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;: Adding developmental capacity by increasing the number of staff was one of the reasons behind the increased G&amp;amp;A .- &lt;strong&gt;This means there are other reasons.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#00bf00;"&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#ff6600;"&gt;OR,&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;increasing s&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#ff6600;"&gt;&lt;strong style="COLOR:#ff7f00;"&gt;taff level to add developmental capacity was &lt;sup style="COLOR:#00bf00;"&gt;the reason&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;for the&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#ff6600;"&gt; increase&lt;strong&gt; in G&amp;amp;A expenses.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#ff6600;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#ff6600;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="COLOR:#60bf00;"&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#00bf00;"&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:blue;"&gt;&lt;strong style="COLOR:#0000ff;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;font color="#60bf00"&gt; This means&amp;nbsp; âthe only reason.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#444444;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="COLOR:#444444;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</description></item><item><title>Riversidean vs. Riversidian</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/RiversideanVsRiversidian/zqlgw/post.htm</link><pubDate>Fri, 11 Apr 2008 19:50:52 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:499502</guid><dc:creator>shaved</dc:creator><description>&lt;p&gt;Hi, this is my first post here, though I&amp;#39;ve been using these forums for a few months to find answers at work. (I&amp;#39;m an editor for a construction and engineering firm.)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I am inclined to go with &amp;#39;-ean&amp;#39; for a number of reasons, but I can&amp;#39;t seem to find anything definite on this.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Worse, my &amp;#39;go to&amp;#39; when our style guide&amp;nbsp;doesn&amp;#39;t cover something is the&amp;nbsp;Chicago Manual of Style... They&amp;nbsp;seem to favor the -ean version, but their examples include &amp;#39;Aristotelian&amp;#39;... which confuses me greatly because it&amp;#39;s exactly the opposite of their explanation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;I&amp;#39;d appreciate any response I can get.... I&amp;#39;ve got an author who insists that Riversidian is corrrect, and I can&amp;#39;t let reports go out like that.&amp;nbsp; I just can&amp;#39;t seem to find anything convincing enough to get it changed.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Transformational Rules and Subject-Verb Agreement</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/TransformationalRulesSubjectVerb-Agreement/zplbr/post.htm#494496</link><pubDate>Sun, 30 Mar 2008 09:01:07 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:494496</guid><dc:creator>miriam</dc:creator><description>&amp;nbsp;In response to the questions posed in the first post of this thread, &amp;quot;the officer&amp;quot; is NOT the subject of the sentence regardless of whether the sentence is active or passive. &amp;quot;The officer&amp;quot; is undoubtedly the doer of the action in both sentences, but it is the subject only in the sentence with the active verb.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the sentence with the passive verb, it can only appear in the predicate as &amp;quot;agent&amp;quot;. It is still the doer of the action but no longer the subject of the sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The subject, in a sentence with a monotransitive verb such as &amp;quot;capture&amp;quot; is always the &amp;quot;receiver&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;undergoer&amp;quot; of the action, and it will change from subject to direct object in an active sentence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;If we have a look at the post before mine, we will see &amp;quot;The officer has been captured by the subjects&amp;quot;, which is untrue if we consider the sentences in the first post correct. The subjects have been captured, not the officer.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;quot;The subjects&amp;quot; is not only the grammatical or formal subject of the
passive verb, it is also the notional subject or whatever other name
you might wish to call it. The subject of a sentence is not necessarily
the doer of the action, and that fact doesn&amp;#39;t make the subject in
question any less &amp;quot;logical&amp;quot; than it should be. Actually, it&amp;#39;d be
illogical to make &amp;quot;the officer&amp;quot; the subject of the passive verb if what
you mean is precisely the opposite.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The officer, whether as agent
or subject (from a syntactic point of view) will always be the &amp;quot;agent&amp;quot;
of both sentences, the active and the passive, from a different
perspective, from that of &lt;b&gt;thematic roles&lt;/b&gt;. Perhaps analysing the
sentence in terms of thematic roles will help you see the diferences
between active and passive constructions more clearly. In this type of
analysis, the agent (not a syntactic function) is the doer of the
action regardless of whether the sentence is active or passive and also regardless of the position the construction occupies in the sentence. The
direct object of an active sentence, and the subject of that sentence
in the passive voice, are called &amp;quot;patient&amp;quot; if a living entity, and
&amp;quot;theme&amp;quot; if it&amp;#39;s a non-living entity. Again in this case, it shows that places are not always what define a function.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Leaving that aside and
coming back to transformational grammar, Chomsky and his theories
aren&amp;#39;t the easiest to understand. But it is important to remember that
an active sentence and a passive one require different mental processes
and that, according to Chomsky, when you think of a sentence there are
choices you must make before actually coming up with an utterance. One
of those choices has to do with the sentence being active or passive.
If you decide on a passive sentence, that will dictate a number of
sub-processes needed in order to make adjustments to produce a
grammatical sentence. Chomsky says that the choices concerning a
sentence in the passive voice are made at the very beginning, at the
moment you decide your sentence will be in the passive voice instead of
the active. All this usually happens without us being aware of our own
mental processes, but it seems we make decisions such as subject-verb
agreement the very moment we decide what type of sentence we wish to
produce. In his first book (Syntactic Structures, 1957, Chomsky made the rules for the passive voice appear as &amp;quot;optional&amp;quot;. Later, in 1965, when he was already closer to becoming a rationalist or mentalist, and farther away from structuralism, he saw that the rule couldn&amp;#39;t possibly be optional and that they should appear at the level of the phrase structure rules; in other words, before the &amp;quot;transformational&amp;quot; stage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I hope this makes sense. I tried to put it in very few words, but I&amp;#39;m not sure it was a good idea. &lt;img src="http://www.englishforums.com/emoticons/emotion-1.gif" alt="Smile" title="Smile" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Miriam&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Is there such an adjective...</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/IsThereSuchAnAdjective/zpzgr/post.htm#492847</link><pubDate>Tue, 25 Mar 2008 16:30:53 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:492847</guid><dc:creator>RayH</dc:creator><description>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/englishforums/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Ant_222&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;... that could be used instead of the somewhat more cumbersome construction:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Â«A booklet, if it consists of a single signature, may have any number of pages _that is a multiple of four_.Â»&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; I want to replace the marked part with something shorter, like Â«a four-multiple number of pagesÂ» (as in &amp;quot;a 5-minute break&amp;quot;). Is it possible?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P.S.: Hello all!&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I don&amp;#39;t think there is a single word to express the meaning you want. Your suggestion is not possible.&lt;br /&gt;Try this:&lt;br /&gt;A booklet, if it consists of a single signature, may have any number of pages so long as it&amp;#39;s a multiple of four.&lt;br /&gt;</description></item></channel></rss>