http://www.englishforums.com/search/pro.htm?q=tag%3aExpressions+tag%3aArticles+tag%3aTensesSearch results for 'tag:Expressions tag:Articles tag:Tenses' matching tags 'Expressions', 'Articles', and 'Tenses'en-USCSMOD (Build: 3273.32735)http://www.englishforums.com/English/MemosShowClintonTurmoil/gkxvp/post.htmWed, 13 Aug 2008 15:05:10 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:554385jackson6612Memos show Clinton turmoilQuestion I would have written Clinton s turmoil Why didn t the author use apostrophe BY CRAIG GORDON AND TOM BRUNE lt email addresses removed by mod gt August 13 2008Question Why is semicolon used instead of comma to separate the email addresses above WASHINGTON In a fresh postmortem an examination of a plan or event that failed done to discover why it failed autopsy on Hillary Rodham Clinton s presidential bid attempt to obtain or do something newly published staff memos a short official note to another person in the same company or organization and e mails reveal a campaign hobbled to hobble something or someone means to make it more difficult for them to be successful or to achieve what they want by internal rivalries a situation in which two or more people teams or companies are competing for something faulty planning bloated more than needed excessive spending and perhaps most important Clinton s own failure to make the hard decisions Clinton offered herself to voters as a hyper competent extra competent executive ready to be president from day one But atop on top of something her own campaign she was a hesitant leader who allowed bitter infighting when members of the same group or organization argue or compete with each other in an unfriendly way to fester If an argument or bad feeling festers it continues so that feelings of hate or dissatisfaction increase among staffers over whether to go negative against Barack Obama according to the Atlantic magazine The most bare knuckled characterized by disorderly action and disregard for rules lines of attack came from Clinton s chief strategist Mark Penn who urged Clinton to highlight Obama s lack of American roots due to his upbringing in Indonesia and Hawaii saying he could only win if he faced Attila the Hun 406 453 AD a king of the Huns an ancient people from Asia who attacked and took control of large parts of the Roman Empire He is famous for being violent and cruel But Clinton didn t embrace Penn s flag waving the expression of strong national feelings especially when these feelings seem too extreme approach way of doing something which campaign aides someone whose job is to help someone who has an important job especially a politician insist was never seriously considered Question Clinton didn t embrace Penn s approach because she did not consider it seriously Therefore what campaign aides were saying is redundant The article also says that Clinton at times grew frustrated and short tempered including on the morning after her stunning third place finish in Iowa in January when aides on a call were silent Clinton s camp dismissed the story as inside the Beltway gossip and old news And former campaign aides sharply disputed the notion of Clinton as an indecisive leader with one campaign veteran saying Nobody seems to want to remember the fact that we had so many successes and come from behind victories in this campaign and they are due in large part to Senator Clinton s leadership Question What does the line including on the morning when aides on a call were silent mean If she finished third place then why would the author describe it as stunning What does call mean in when aides on a call were silent Question What does the phrase inside the Beltway gossip mean Question What does the line Nobody seems to want to remember to Senator Clinton s leadership mean But the e mails and memos offer vivid very clear and detailed new details about what had long been reported that Clinton s headquarters was beset to make someone experience serious problems or dangers by caustic bitter internal battles involving Penn and former President Bill Clinton who wanted to forcefully attack Obama and others who wanted the New York senator to take a more positive tack method way of doing something At one point it was Bill Clinton and not Hillary who approved the famed 3 a m phone call ad Question what had long been reported is passive past perfect tense Am I right Question I think headquarters should take plural verb What do you say Question Why are the hyphens used in and not Hillary I believe commas would do instead Adding to the turmoil was the fact that the campaign had little strategy and no money left to seriously compete in the post Super Tuesday contests having the form having with a past participle can be used to introduce a clause in which you mention an action which had already happened before another action began burned through 106 million before Iowa That allowed Obama to win 12 straight contests and effectively wrap up to finish a job meeting etc the nomination Question What does burned through mean In the end the campaign s strategy came to reflect some of the internal turmoil as Clinton veered changed course from attacking Obama to emphasizing her personal side Question What does her personal side mean Penn did offer some advice in March 2007 that proved on the mark Clinton s path to victory lay with women and lower and working class voters Question What does proved on the mark mean I couldn t find it in the dictionary But by the time Clinton finally settled on that strategy to win the later primaries it was too late Excerpts from the memos All of these articles about his boyhood in Indonesia and his life in Hawaii are geared towards showing his background is diverse multicultural and putting that in a new light It also exposes a very strong weakness for him his roots to basic American values and culture are at best even when considered in the most positive way limited I cannot imagine America electing a president during a time of war who is not at his center fundamentally American in his thinking and in his values Strategist Mark Penn from a March 19 2007 memo to Hillary Rodham Clinton advising her to attack Barack Obama for his lack of American roots Question What does centre mean in the above context The right knows Obama is unelectable except perhaps against Attila the Hun and a third party would come in then anyway Penn from the same memo Question Does right refer to right wing in the above context This has been a very instructive call talking to myself Clinton before angrily hanging up on a staff conference call the day after coming in third in Iowa in January She complained of being outmaneuvered to gain an advantage over someone by using cleverer or more skilful plans or methods in Iowa and being painted as the establishment candidate according to the Atlantic but was met with near silence Question I would have written This has been talking to me Why did she use myself Question What is a conference call Is it some kind of telephone call which address many poeple Question Why is in used in coming in third STOP IT I have help my tongue for weeks After this morning s WP story no longer This makes me sick This circular firing squad that is occurring is unattractive unprofessional unconscionable and unacceptable It must stop Robert Barnett a Clinton lawyer and Washington insider from a March 6 2008 e mail to campaign staff after a Washington Post story detailed the infighting Question What does I have help my tongue for weeks mean Question What does This circular firing squad mean Question Were the comments in the last paragraph made by Robert Barnett http://www.englishforums.com/English/AStudyInOratoryPartOne/gbnlp/post.htmMon, 05 May 2008 18:08:50 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:509998jackson6612Churchill A Study in Oratory Seven Lessons in Speechmaking From One of the Greatest Orators of All Time By Thomas Montalbo DTM Published in Finest Hour 69 He wasn t a natural orator someone who is good at making speeches and persuading people not at all His voice was raspy If someone has a raspy voice they make rough sounds as if they have a sore throat or have difficulty in breathing A stammer and a lisp often marred to make less effective spoil many of his speeches Nor was his appearance attractive A snub nose a snub nose is short and flat and points slightly upwards and a jutting sticking out lower lip made him look like a bulldog Short and fat he was also stoop shouldered bent forwards and down Yet this man Sir Winston Churchill became probably the greatest orator of our time and won the Nobel Prize for his writings and brilliant oratory How did he do it And what lessons can all Toastmasters someone who introduces the speakers at a formal occasion such as a banquet learn from him to help them make better speeches In school Winston Churchill was a backward student But he wasn t stupid He later explained Where my reason imagination or interest were not engaged I would not or I could not learn But the English language fascinated him He was the best in his class Macaulay and Gibbon two of England s most famous historians dazzled to make someone feel strong admiration him with their styles of writing The impact these authors made on his mind stayed with him for life as his speeches show Because their styles were markedly different and yet both charmed him he believed this showed as he put it What a fine language English is His English teacher once said I do not believe that I have ever seen in a boy of 14 such a veneration respect for the English language Churchill called the English sentence a noble thing and said The only thing I would whip boys for is not knowing English I would whip them hard for that Lord Moran his physician and intimate friend wrote Without that feeling for words he would have made little enough in life Lesson 1 for Toastmasters from Churchill Know respect and love the English language An Avid doing something as much as possible Listener The greatest influence in his early life was his father the leader of the House of Commons Young Winston often visited Parliament and heard all the speeches Sitting watching and listening he absorbed the oratory as if by osmosis if you learn facts or understand ideas by osmosis you gradually learn them by hearing them often Devotedly he read and reread his father s speeches many of which he knew by heart to remember all of something exactly He also read and studied the speeches of Oliver Cromwell William Pitt William Gladstone and many others At age 21 Churchill came to the United States and met Bourke Cockran a New York Congressman whom he described as a remarkable man with an enormous head gleaming to shine softly eyes and flexible countenance mental composure expression look But most of all Churchill admired Cockran for the way he talked The Congressman had a thundering awesomely great intense or great voice and often spoke in heroic and rolling if drums or thunder roll they make a long low series of sounds phrases When Churchill asked his advice on how he could learn to spellbind extremely interesting and holding your attention completely an audience of thousands Cockran told him to speak as if he were an organ use strong words and enunciate to pronounce words clearly and carefully clearly in wave like rhythm a regular pattern of changes They corresponded to write letters to someone and receive letters from them for many years Adlai Stevenson himself a notable speaker often reminisced to talk or think about pleasant events in your past about his last meeting with Churchill I asked him on whom or what he had based his oratorical style Churchill replied It was an American statesman who inspired me and taught me how to use every note a particular musical sound of the human voice like an organ Winston then to my amazement started to quote long excerpts from Burke Cockran s speeches of 60 years before He was my model Churchill said I learned from him how to hold thousands in thrall controlled or strongly influenced by someone or something Lesson 2 See and hear good speakers in action and study the texts of their speeches Stimulated encouraged by his father s career young Churchill s ambition strong desire was to go into politics but he worried about his speech impediment a physical problem that makes speaking hearing or moving difficult So he consulted a throat specialist The doctor found no organic defect and told young Churchill only practice and perseverance persistence steadfastness would help him Diligently someone who is diligent works hard and is careful and thorough and faithfully in a loyal way in a regular way he practiced and persevered He believed people should never submit to to agree to obey accept give in failure Years later he said in a speech Never give in Never give in Never give in except to convictions a very strong belief or opinion of honour and good sense Question What does the bold text mean He rehearsed practised aloud to make sure he wouldn t muff say wrongly words or stumble to stop or make a mistake when you are reading to people or speaking over them particularly words starting with s While walking on the street he repeated such sentences as The Spanish ships I cannot see since they are not in sight Eagerly enthusiastically he sought tried to find opportunities to speak All this helped him to lose the inhibition restriction prevention that had caused his stammering though he never totally lost his lisp An Attention Getter But even this turned into an advantage Randolph Churchill once theorized that his father may have exploited to use something fully and effectively the residual remaining impediment to advantage to achieve an individual style distinctive style of oratory When Winston was 23 he wrote an unpublished article on oratory The Scaffolding raised platform to do a certain job of Rhetoric Describing the physical attributes of the orators he wrote Sometimes a slight and not unpleasing stammer or impediment has been of some assistance in securing getting the attention of the audience http://www.englishforums.com/English/WishClauses/3/zcvbd/Post.htm#428607Mon, 08 Oct 2007 17:52:34 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:428607goodman Yoong Liat wrote Hi GoodmanYou wrote I have been labeled and called by many descriptions hinted being Ignorant is the first I m not hinting that you re ignorant I say that if a learner tells me informal means wrong I ll understand that he says so because he is ignorant But you are not a learner You re one of the members who have a good command of English So that s why I say it s not correct for you to say that a usage which is classified as informal is wrong I ve reproduced below what Michael Swan has to say about I wish I was and I wish it wasn t and let the members decide whether you re right to say I wish it was not raining or I wish it wasn t raining is a wrong usage We can use wish to express regrets to say that we would like things to be different We use a past tense with a present meaning in this case I wish I was better looking I wish it wasn t raining In a formal style we can use were instead of was after I wish I wish I were better looking Basic English Usage by Michael Swan Best wishes Liat With our differences in point of view I appreciate your reply For all intents and an purposes I am still a learner on a different level but I perhaps have the advantage being in a completely English environment and therefore I may appear to have better command That said I do feel there is a certain slight inconsistency among all the different English websites particularly on the subjunctive There should not be any argument that If I were or I wish I were is a subjunctive mood The difference of the agruement really lies in the defining of the rules and the mood expressed in the senstence The early website quoted I wish I was as informal In reality after reading this article that is indeed incorrect The bottom line I wish I was is against the subjunctive ruels Take a look at the explanation on this website then you may come to agree with what I said in my earlier threads Confusingly enough in the self test some of of the answers are considered acceptable or informal by some I should hope that this piece will settle all questions about indicative and subjunctive moods Subjunctive Mood However if a form of the verb to be were used in that sentence all polished writers would agree that the subjunctive is necessary If he were not was www getitwriteonline com archive 073001 htm 16k Cached Similar page GIW Home writeDate Mon Oct 8 2007 Tell a Friend Subscribe Order Our Book Resources Writing Tips More Tips Writing Tip July 30 2001 The Subjunctive Mood Examine the verbs in each of the following sentences 1 If Harrison were chosen to be the next chief executive officer of the corporation several controversial hiring practices would change 2 If I were you I would increase my weekly contribution to the company sponsored retirement fund 3 I wish that his report were longer 4 We recommend that the trip be postponed because of violence in the region 5 The finance department requests that he submit updated budget projections each month All the above sentences are correct Two terms apply to the mood of English verbs indicative and subjunctive An indicative verb makes a statement that is factual whereas a verb in the subjunctive mood is used to indicate a situation or condition that is hypothetical doubtful or conditional In the indicative mood we would never write Harrison were I were report were trip be or he submit but these verbs are correct in the examples above because each of the sentences is written in the subjunctive mood that is in every case the sentence is describing a situation that is hypothetical or conditional 1 Harrison is not now the C E O but hypothetically he could be chosen for that position The conditional nature of the position is suggested by the word if 2 Again as the word if makes clear I am not in fact you So once again the situation is hypothetical and conditional I would save more only under the condition that I became you 3 His report is not in fact longer so the sentence speaks of a hypothetical situation 4 The trip is not currently postponed so the subjunctive mood is appropriate to suggest a possibility not an actuality 5 He is not currently submitting reports monthly so we use the subjunctive mood to discuss the possibility not the actuality of his doing so For all verbs except to be the present subjunctive mood is most often made by omitting the characteristic s ending on verbs with third person singular subjects Thus whereas in the indicative mood we would write man leaves in the subjunctive mood we would omit the s on the verb leave The judge insisted that the man not leave town For the verb to be we simply use be for all present tense subjunctive mood verbs and were for all past tense forms regardless of whether the subject is singular or plural The Columbia Guide to Standard American English New York MJF Books 1993 points out that while many subjunctive mood phrases are commonly used in ordinary speech if I were you if need be far be it from me and so on strict use of the subjunctive mood is rare even in the most formal speaking and writing situations 243 Very few people would write for example If he arrive on time we will have dinner before the show However if a form of the verb to be were used in that sentence all polished writers would agree that the subjunctive is necessary If he were not was to arrive on time we could have dinner before the show The Harbrace College Handbook 13th edition lists other common fixed expressions that are stated in the subjunctive mood so be it be that as it may as it were and God bless you 99 100 TEST YOURSELF Which of the following sentences need verbs in the subjunctive mood 1 If I was Sam I would hire an assistant now before the hiring freeze takes effect 2 The committee suggested that Dr Jones is chosen as the next chief of staff 3 As August approaches every school child wishes that his or her vacation was longer 4 It is critical that every potential donor gives blood during this shortage ANSWERS 1 If I WERE Sam I would hire an assistant now before the hiring freeze takes effect 2 The committee suggested that Dr Jones BE chosen as the next chief of staff 3 As August approaches every school child wishes that his or her vacation WERE longer This is almost the exact sentence identified as correct in your past post 4 It is critical that every potential donor GIVE blood during this shortage Copyright 2001 Get It Write More Tips Tell a Friend Special Request Please share these tips with friends and colleagues and encourage them to subscribe If you post the tips to an internal distribution list of any size please tell us the nature of the list and the number of subscribers We would like to know how many people we are reaching with this service We appreciate your positive feedback and excellent comments http://www.englishforums.com/English/PresentPerfectLastWeek/4/dxvbj/Post.htm#320527Sat, 27 Jan 2007 04:56:11 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:320527teoGrammars usually say that the present perfect tenses cannot be used together with expressions pf finished time we can say I have seen him or I saw him yesterday but not I have seen him yesterday In fact such structure are unusual but not impossible though learners should avoid them Here are some real examples taken from news broadcasts newspaper articles advertisements letters and conversations France has detonated a Hiroshima sized nuclear bomb on Mururoa Atoll in the South Pacific at 17 02 GMT on Wednesday Police have arrested more than 900 suspected drugs traffickers in raids throughout the country on Friday and Saturday a runner who s beaten Linford Christie earlier this year A 24 year old soldier has been killed in a road accident while on patrol last night Quoted from Practical English Usage 2nd edition http www englishforums com English IvSaidItYearsAgo bxbqq Post htm http://www.englishforums.com/English/ArmenianGenocide/10/dgdwh/Post.htm#281051Sun, 15 Oct 2006 04:02:55 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:281051janissaryI think the answer is neither NATO nor Cold War But thinking profoudly it may have some relations with that Especially after the fall of Seviet regime Armenia declared that they dont accept the treaty about Turkish and Armenian border But neverthless the relations were not much bad until Kocaryan After Kocaryan nationalism is released and now Armenia still occupies 20 of Azerbaijani lands They want more acceptance from the world to be able to demand much from Turkey and sure for compensations As for the definition of genocide that you described Armenian case doesnt fit that at all Because if it were so Otttoman Empire would have killed all Armenians instead of exiling the Armenians who used to live in the eastern side of Anatholia who causes problem in the first world war They would also kill or exile the Armenians in Istanbul or Izmir or whatsoever It doesnt matter much actually for me The problem with the world is they just hear the Armenian version of history They suppose Ottomans exiled Armenians while there were no reason The following are the significant Armenian revolts resulting in great difficulties for the State in the history June 20 180 Erzurum Revolt August 1894 First Sasun Revolt September 16 1895 Zeytun Revolt September 29 1895 Sivas Divrigi Revolt October 2 1895 Trabzon Revolt October 6 1895 Egin Revolt October 7 1895 Kayseri Develi Revolt October 9 1895 Akhisar Revolt October 21 1895 Erzincan Revolt October 25 1895 Giimushane and Bitlis Revolts October 26 1895 Bayburt Revolt October 27 1895 Mara Revolt October 29 1895 Urfa Revolt October 30 1895 Erzurum Revolt November 2 1895 Diyarbakir and Siverek Revolts November 4 1895 Malatya Revolt November 1895 Harput Revolt November 9 1895 Arapkir Revolt November 15 1895 Sivas and Merzifon Revolts November 15 1895 Mara Revolt November 22 1895 Kayseri and Yozgat Revolts 1895 1896 Zeytun Revolt June 2 1896 1st Van Revolt July 1897 Second Sasun Revolt April 14 1909 Adana Revolt Armenians daring to organize an assassination to Sultan Abdulhamid II in 1905 as well as the aforementioned revolts showed that they were in the position to be able to kill the Ottoman Sultan Leon Trotsky who played a significant role in the foundation of Soviet Union and who is also the founder of the Red Army defines the policies of Russians on benefiting from Armenians with the following words During Russian Turkish War i e by the end of 1870s the idea of revolting against Turkish and Kurdish dominance was very widespread in Turkey Armenia In the view of revolutionists such a revolt would result in interference by major States namely Russia The authorities of Tsardom diplomacy were trying to take Armenian revolutionists to their side and place them under the service of Tsarity Moreover Leon Trotsky described a squadron of Armenian volunteers who were forming a part of the Macedonian Legion established to fight against Turks and who were taking place in the rows of the enemy army against the army of the country of which they were citizens with the following expressions I was with the squadron of Armenian volunteers forming a part of the Macedonian Legion while they departed from Sofia and traveled to the front by the mid October The concerned legion would be having a bad reputation due to their tortures in a short period of time The Volunteer Armenians left the high school for girls in which they were placed and underwent weapon training They were 230 dark tanned men of ages between nineteen and forty five with beards and moustaches from http www azerigenocide org hist hist06c htm One of the most striking comments on the tragedic events experienced in 1915 was made by American Professor with Armenian origin named Hovannisian In his statement in Congress on Problems of Armenian organized in Munich Germany in 1982 he stated that Armenian Genocide has not been proved Genocide is invalid legally and also has been subject to lapse of time Following the publication of these views in Le Monde one of the leading newspapers of France Armenian circles and supporters were astonished by the unusual statements of an Armenian professor and reacted to his statements On Wednesday the 21st of June a Paris court condemned Bernard Lewis professor of Middle Eastern History at Princeton University for having denied the Armenian Genocide in an interview with Le Monde one of France s most renouned dailies On Friday 23 June Le Monde reported about the sentence as it was ordered to do by the court on page 11 Following is the English translation BERNARD LEWIS CONDEMNED FOR HAVING DENIED THE REALITY OF THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE According to the court the historian committed a fault THE COURT of first instance in Paris sentenced the American historian on Wednesday the 21st of June to pay 1 franc of damages and intrest to the Forum of Armenian Associations and to the International League Against Racim and Anti Semitism The first Civil Chamber presided by Jacqueline Cochard ruled that he had committed a fault by declaring on the 13th of november 1993 to the daily Le Monde that the qualification of Genocide given to the massacres perpetrated by the Turks in 1915 was nothing more than the Armenian version of this story Although the trial had proceeded in a tense atmosphere see Le Monde 19 may the sentence was accepted in the greatest calm by the 6 Armenian activists who had come A bit of applause a few hugs in the hall nothing more An attitude to the image of a decision which even if it constitutes a first is certainly not moderated The judges refrained from judging history It is not up to the court to decide or to state wether or not the massacres committed gt from 1915 to 1917 constitute the crime of genocide the sentence underlines as this concerns events which belong to history courts do not have the mission of arbitrating and resolving polemics Especially because they add the historian in principle has all the liberty to present the facts according to his personal views This liberty however has a limit that of responsibility Thus someone who commits a fault and causes damage to a third party must compensate for it according to article 1382 of the civil code Like others maybe even more than others a historian must tell the truth and nothing but the truth And especially the whole truth Thus writes the tribunal it is only by hiding elements which go against his thesis that the defendant was able to state that there was no serious proof of the Armenian Genocide The sentence refers to the declaration in may 1985 of the sub commission of the United Nations charged with the repression and prevention of Genocide the resolution of the European Parliament in june 1987 or the work of the International colloquium in Paris in August of 1984 A number of elements which even if they are not indisputable had to be mentioned in any case and absolutely exclude giving any credit whatsoever to the idea that the reality of the Armenian genocide results from nothing more than the imagination of the Armenian people History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey By Stanford J Shaw Knowing their numbers would never justify their territorial ambitions Armenians looked to Russia and Europe for the fulfillment of their aims Armenian treachery in this regard culminated at the begining of the First World War with the decision of the revolutionary organizations to refuse to serve their state the Ottoman Empire and to assist instead other invading Russian armies Their hope was their participation in the Russian success would be rewarded with an independent Armenian state carved out of Ottoman territories Armenian political leaders army officers and common soldiers began deserting in droves With the Russian invasion of eastern Anatolia in 1914 at the beginning of World War I the degree of Armenian collaboration with the Ottoman s enemy increased drastically Ottoman supply lines were cut by guerilla attacks Armenian revolutionaries armed Armenian civilian populations who in turn massacred the Muslim population of the province of Van in anticipation of expected arrival of the invading Russian armies Ottoman response was to order the relocation of its Armenian subjects from the path of the invading Russians and other areas where they might undermine the Ottoman war effort The Ottomans could no longer determine which of the Armenians would remain loyal and which would follow the appeal of their leaders These are just a bunch of source from Internet sites and newspapers Considering your approach to Algerian genocide which fits the term of genocide precisely in terms of systematically killing 1 500 000 people in 15 years I am sure you wont care about any of those but nevertheless thats what I think regardsP S The countries which accept it as genocide are as followed France Russia Canada and Uruguay http://www.englishforums.com/English/HowToExpressThisMood/ddjpm/post.htm#268170Sun, 17 Sep 2006 03:24:18 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:268170grammar geekHimadri I am going to rewrite your entire post so that you can see the corrections Then I ll try to answer your question Say the situation is this I have just woken up in bed and there is still sleep in my eyes This is not a common expression but I think it s rather poetic so I left it in At this point if someone asks me to do something can I reply to mean that if I now go back to bed I will sleep again Here are some of the things you can say there are other things too If I go back to bed now I will be able to sleep some more If I go back to bed now I can go back to sleep If I could go back to bed now I would go back to sleep My choice If I could go back to bed now I would be able to sleep some more The If I go means what will happen if you do go back to bed The If I could means would COULD happen if you were able to go back to bed The expression is in bed to go to bed there is no article Also you wake up IN bed I put the question you asked in the present tense because you said the situation is this which is present tense I hope this helps http://www.englishforums.com/English/QuestionFromMyFriendInHk/dccbx/post.htm#260998Wed, 30 Aug 2006 14:25:33 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:260998julielaiE mail back from my friend I got a Swan at hand 1995 ed now and it should be the same as your friend s Ask him to read 419 3 Grammars usually say that the present perfect tenses cannot be used togetherwith expressions of finished time we can say I have seen him or I sawhim yesterday but not I have seen him yesterday In fact suchstructures are unusual but not impossible though learners should avoid them Here are some real examples taken from news broadcasts newspaper articles advertisements letters and conversations France has detonated a Hiroshima sized nuclear bomb on Mururoa Atoll in theSouth Pacific at 17 02 GMT on Wednesday Police have arrested more than 900 suspected drugs traffickers in raidsthroughout the country on Friday and Saturday a runner who s beaten Linford Christie earlier this year A 24 year old soldier has been killed in a road accident while on patrol last night http://www.englishforums.com/English/LieLay/cpmlr/post.htm#244392Mon, 10 Jul 2006 22:07:41 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:244392goodman Anonymous wrote I realized how exhausted I was and how little I was looking forward to what LAY ahead Is this correct What should this be Thanks Hope this article helps LANGUAGE CORNERLie Lay and All That Lie This to Rest BY EVAN JENKINS No of course not But the confusion between lie and lay was different and subtler in the following passage which said someone who maneuvered for a job too overtly did not do what a shrewd operator would do and lay low but openly threw himself into the matter Someone was thinking of the expression to lie low meaning to hunker down make oneself inconspicuous Introduced by did not as it was in the example the verb required the present tense the job candidate did not lie low Lay is the past tense of lie she lay low for awhile The past perfect tense is lain until that day she had lain low Lie lay lain To lie means to rest be at rest repose or just exist on or in some place the fault lies with the captain not the crew or in some condition or position lie low lie down Probably because its past tense is lay the word is often confused with To lay meaning to put or place something somewhere including to bring forth an egg It takes an object lay that pistol down babe and no form of to lie does Well lie your heart out but that s another lie The past tense of lay is laid and so is its past perfect tense Lay laid laid Despite some nay sayers the failure to distinguish between lie and lay is widely considered illiterate And yet the failure is surprisingly common Is the only answer rote memorization Seems so but anyone with a mnemonic trick that has helped avoid the confusion is welcome to send it along http://www.englishforums.com/English/EthylLiquid/cxpzx/post.htm#240258Mon, 26 Jun 2006 18:52:38 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:240258alan.esThis is my version which agrees with your points Kajjo To in order to increase the octane number the following lead compounds are added to the petrol for motor vehicle and airplane engines tetraethyl lead TEL and tetramethyl lead TML in a solution of so called ethyl liquid the mixture of tetraethyl lead ethyl bromide monocloronaphthalene and others Ethyl liquid is added in a ratio concentration of about 6 8 ml per liter of petrol Normally leaded ethylated petrol is coloured so it can be easily differentiated from unleaded ethylated Notes 1 It surprises me that the author is talking in the present tense about putting lead into petrol but question for Antonija are both leaded and unleaded petrol freely available in Croatia are there still many cars which use leaded petrol 2 Google shows TEL and TML as normal abbreviations for the two lead compounds 3 Ethylated rather than ethylised though some use of ethylised comes up in Google searches mainly Eastern European articles 4 However my experience suggests that leaded and unleaded would be used rather than ethylated and non ethylated 5 Finally i haven t got a clue about the terminology ethyl liquid It s not familiar to me and I can t think of or find a suitable expression http://www.englishforums.com/English/HowToChooseAKeyword/cmphq/post.htm#230468Tue, 30 May 2006 12:07:28 GMT946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:230468alanouThank you GG and MH You all or two are well at searching for something by search engine but MH s skill seems better or seems to be better Kiding or just have a joke kid Maybe you often use the search tools just like me Actually but if you ask me that what is preceded a vowel starting word I am not sure about this describle included the quotation marks I will answer or follow by a to you an gets my vote But I usually forget this rule when I write an article maybe the pratice of writing is so poor to me or maybe I lack the pratice of writing So after under your commented comments I will take a closer attention to it what is another expression and thank you for you two teacher s comments very much again PS Please fell free to check my grammar and tense cause I am not sure about them Thanks a lot again