Is 'having been taken' not the past perfect participle? I was trying to show that the auxiliary has to have -ing . It can't be had . You can't have the participle had taken . The terminology is confusing because what we call a

I refused to go, until I saw all the pictures. 1) When choosing the tense and aspect of the main clause, I do not consider the subordinate clause to make my decision, do I? That is, when I make the decision, I consider only the

1. Mark went for a job interview last week. PAST PERFECT 2. I work from 6.00am until 1.00pm every day. PRESENT CONTINUOUS 3. Mark will be 48 next May. FUTURE PERFECT 4. Snow melts when the temperature rises . PRESENT SIMPLE 5. No,

When we say: having run short of options. Run is past perfect. Does it mean whenever we start the sentence with having, the verb must be in past perfect sense? Such as: having driven the car, having risen to the occasion. Your terminology is a

Dear Avangi and Anon, Saying Having run short of options in isolation is impossible, since the structure itself is a non-finite complex verb phrase, so it asks for a finite clause, as in Having run short of options, he decided to ask his friends

1. There is no objection to the use of time words with the past perfect tense. The objection is when these words are used with the present perfect tense. You may, however, if you wish, replace "last week" with "the previous

They had to have that specially made? The sentence is in the past tense. Since English lacks verbs for situations in which person A does something for person B on person B's request, a rather long and awkward structure is used instead: to have

If you are not sure, you may still be confused even with the best explanations. But here are a few rules and examples: 1) Does he have a car? In question form, even 3rd still takes the bare infinitve form (have) because of the modal word

Hi, Would you say the auxiliary verb (hope it is an auxilary verb) 'had' is implicit in the part after the word 'and' and before the word 'won' in the sentence you introduced in the following (looks to be from an online