By Phobias, Commas

.Given the grammar, the author means:...we are seeing violent extremist types of ( 1 ) alienation, ( 2) narcissism, and ( 3 ) fundamentalist religious, national, ethnic gender-related phobias which, near and far, have tightened the ring of ( 1 ) dialogue, ( 2 ) tolerance, and ( 3 ) coexistence in...

In today's globalized world, we are seeing violent extremist types of alienation, narcissism, and fundamentalist religious, national, ethnic gender-related phobias which, near and far, have tightened the ring of dialogue, tolerance, and coexistence in the world. These alienations, phobias,...

Hi, Usually a semicolon is used to with two independent clauses when a conjunctive adverb is used. I don't agree. A semi-colon joins two independent clauses. eg correct Tom loved Mary; Mary did not love Tom. eg incorrect Tom loved Mary; whereas Mary did not love Tom. 'Whereas Mary did...