In Present perfect^x, Nouns^x, Dates^x

I'm not an expert on grammar or linguistics, but here are my thoughts as an ordinary native user of English. I hope I got all the grammatical terminology correct! I think that all verbs -- transitive or intransitive -- are able to form present perfect sentences: "He has died",...

I have some problems,they are the phrases about time: yet, today, so far, to date, up to now, recently, lately, up to these few days, this morning, now, up to present. what do they mean? Are some of them duration? Do some of them represent sometime/some time in the past? yet: 1.up to the...