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<rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"><channel><title>Search results for 'tag:Pronouns tag:Logins' matching tags 'Pronouns' and 'Logins'</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/search/pro.htm?q=tag%3aPronouns+tag%3aLogins&amp;tag=Pronouns,Logins&amp;orTags=0</link><description>Search results for 'tag:Pronouns tag:Logins' matching tags 'Pronouns' and 'Logins'</description><dc:language>en-US</dc:language><generator>CSMOD (Build: 3161.22795)</generator><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/3/dpjcw/Post.htm#326901</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 14:48:23 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326901</guid><dc:creator>Pioussoul</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Kilimanjaro wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt; 
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Your sentences are not "reduced relative clause" they are "adverbial clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;". The "Participles" don't define any preceding noun.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;So, you're the anonymous, kilimanjaro, right?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;First, my sentences are indeed "&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;reduced from a relative clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;", here is my reason. Sentence 2 derives from 2a:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2a. The mouse, &lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;which saw the cat&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;, ran off.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Now, do you agree that the words highlighted in blue is a non-restrictive relative clause, which is used as an adjective postmodying the mouse?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Second, maybe you were not aware of the fact that a participial construction can serve both&amp;nbsp;as&amp;nbsp;an adjective and an adverb. Please refer to your grammar books on the participial construction, and after that, it's possible that we&amp;nbsp;may go on our discussion.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;"&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;What is the difference between a reduced relatice clause" and "participial construction".&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt; I'm still thumbing through the pages and couln't yet find a section where it says "Participles" are "reduced relative clauses"&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;[pioussoul]:&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;&lt;EM&gt;Well, because you're pressed for time, I'd explain it concisely--a participial construction is actually reduced from a few different clauses,&amp;nbsp;inclusive of&amp;nbsp;an adjectival relative clause. &lt;STRONG&gt;There is no such term as a reduced relative clause&lt;/STRONG&gt;.&lt;/EM&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Can you tell me which option is the restatement of the following sentence in bold.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;The British Ambassador to Paris, making his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;1-The British Ambassador to Paris, who made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;after making&amp;nbsp;his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;3-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;EM&gt;having&amp;nbsp;made/making&lt;/EM&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt; his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;All of them are all possible. Because you're in a hurry, I'll post this right now. Talk to you later.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/3/dpjbh/Post.htm#326883</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 14:08:22 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326883</guid><dc:creator>Pioussoul</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Kilimanjaro wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt; 
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Your sentences are not "reduced relative clause" they are "adverbial clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;". The "Participles" don't define any preceding noun.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;So, you're the anonymous, kilimanjaro, right?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;First, my sentences are indeed "&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;reduced from a relative clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;", here is my reason. Sentence 2 derives from 2a:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2a. The mouse, &lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;which saw the cat&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;, ran off.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Now, do you agree that the words highlighted in blue is a non-restrictive relative clause, which is used as an adjective postmodying the mouse?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Second, maybe you were not aware of the fact that a participial construction can serve both&amp;nbsp;as&amp;nbsp;an adjective and an adverb. Please refer to your grammar books on the participial construction, and after that, it's possible that we&amp;nbsp;may go on our discussion.&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;"What is the difference between a reduced relatice clause" and "participial construction". I'm still thumbing through the pages and couln't yet find a section where it says "Participles" are "reduced relative clauses"&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Can you tell me which option is the restatement of the following sentence in bold.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;The British Ambassador to Paris, making his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;1-The British Ambassador to Paris, who made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;after making&amp;nbsp;his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;3-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;having&amp;nbsp;made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, anonymous, I'm glad to answer your question, but I'm not used to talking to someone without a name. By the way, do you have an alias?&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/3/dpwpw/Post.htm#326833</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 12:50:24 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326833</guid><dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Kilimanjaro wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt; 
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Your sentences are not "reduced relative clause" they are "adverbial clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;". The "Participles" don't define any preceding noun.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;So, you're the anonymous, kilimanjaro, right?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;First, my sentences are indeed "&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;reduced from a relative clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;", here is my reason. Sentence 2 derives from 2a:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2a. The mouse, &lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;which saw the cat&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;, ran off.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Now, do you agree that the words highlighted in blue is a non-restrictive relative clause, which is used as an adjective postmodying the mouse?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Second, maybe you were not aware of the fact that a participial construction can serve both&amp;nbsp;as&amp;nbsp;an adjective and an adverb. Please refer to your grammar books on the participial construction, and after that, it's possible that we&amp;nbsp;may go on our discussion.&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;"What is the difference between a reduced relatice clause" and "participial construction". I'm still thumbing through the pages and couln't yet find a section where it says "Participles" are "reduced relative clauses"&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Can you tell me which option is the restatement of the following sentence in bold.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;The British Ambassador to Paris, making his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;1-The British Ambassador to Paris, who made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;after making&amp;nbsp;his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;3-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;having&amp;nbsp;made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/2/dpwxv/Post.htm#326812</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 12:17:08 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326812</guid><dc:creator>Pioussoul</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Kilimanjaro wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt; 
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Your sentences are not "reduced relative clause" they are "adverbial clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;". The "Participles" don't define any preceding noun.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;So, you're the anonymous, kilimanjaro, right?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;First, my sentences are indeed "&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;reduced from a relative clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;", here is my reason. Sentence 2 derives from 2a:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2a. The mouse, &lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;which saw the cat&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;, ran off.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Now, do you agree that the words highlighted in blue is a non-restrictive relative clause, which is used as an adjective postmodying the mouse?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Second, maybe you were not aware of the fact that a participial construction can serve both&amp;nbsp;as&amp;nbsp;an adjective and an adverb. Please refer to your grammar books on the participial construction, and after that, it's possible that we&amp;nbsp;may go on our discussion.&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/2/dpwnv/Post.htm#326795</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 11:53:06 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326795</guid><dc:creator>Kilimanjaro</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt; 
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;Your sentences are not "reduced relative clause" they are "adverbial clause". The "Participles" don't define any preceding noun.&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/2/dpwnc/Post.htm#326793</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 11:45:04 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326793</guid><dc:creator>Pioussoul</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>how or what?</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/HowOrWhat/dkvhm/post.htm</link><pubDate>Tue, 05 Dec 2006 22:16:27 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:300980</guid><dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator><description>&lt;P&gt;Hello, everybody.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;One of my many doubts... :-(&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Is there any rule I can follow in&amp;nbsp;choosing&amp;nbsp;"how" as an interrogative pronoun?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;i.e. 1. &lt;FONT color=#ff1493&gt;How (or what?)&amp;nbsp;do you say *** in English? &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#ff1493&gt;2. How (or what?) do you pronounce *** in English? &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;I learnt to say "What do you call ***...?" but it still sounds me strange&amp;nbsp;(or strangely?? ), because in Italian the interrogative form with "how"&amp;nbsp;can be answered by&amp;nbsp;both nouns and&amp;nbsp;adverbs.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;ps. I'm not anonymus... where do I have to login??&lt;/P&gt;</description></item></channel></rss>