By Sentence structures, Colons

.1-- No, I don't see that by is necessary.2-- Style guides can vary somewhat, but according to mine, namely, that is, for example, i.e. and e.g. are all followed by a comma and preceded by some kind of punctuation (comma, semicolon, parenthesis, etc.) depending on the sentence structure.

.M-dashes are becoming more and more acceptable in written English. I don't see how sentence structure is affected; the m-dashes merely replace colons in a less formal style:The Wall Street Journal recently reported on the yin of hospitals: nonprofits reaping big profits. Now we have the...

.Justified? Well, all I can say is that they work OK in your examples. M-dashes are a relatively informal but increasingly popular-- and rather vague-- connective punctuation. They are used "to denote a sudden break in thought that causes an abrupt change in sentence structure." . ...

"The Change of the Characteristics in the passage from The Hours" The passage from the novel The Hours by Michael Cunningham is intriguing. The passage illustrates the difference between the character's characteristics in different time settings: past and present. This difference is...

Hi, Welcome to the Forum. Just a quick question everyone. I never understood clauses and why they would be used. If anyone can shed light on this, I'd truly appreciate it. Below, I will give an example. Michael Jordan is a great athlete; he has won several championships. My question is...why...

Just a quick question everyone. I never understood clauses and why they would be used. If anyone can shed light on this, I'd truly appreciate it. Below, I will give an example. Michael Jordan is a great athlete; he has won several championships. My question is...why would that be used? I've...

Hi, You said that you think the sentence is correct but at the same time, you definitely think the sentence needs a semicolon. I saw the kind of sentence structure with no employment of semicolons but instead employing commas to serve the writer's prpose. Let me get it straight. Do you think...

Dear Beverly, I am not an English expert, (far from it, I too suck at writing and am a terrible speller and it is my first and only language!) but if I were to judge you by your letter and the writing skills demonstrated there....Well I'm sorry to say but you are not writing at a level that...

A Blinkin',A colon could be used in some of your examples in which one phrase or clause supplements the other. The dash gives a bit more emphasis; the colon is a bit more formal.To round out our discussion, here is how Webster's Third New International Dictionary describes the use of the...

I like the dash. It lets one add emphasis and (dramatic) pauses.I think the summary in Webster's Third New International Dictionary is excellent:7. THE DASH7.0 In its function in writing and in the speech intonation to which it corresponds, the dash is similar to the comma and the colon, and a...