<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"><channel><title>Search results for 'tag:Verbs tag:Logins' matching tags 'Verbs' and 'Logins'</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/search/pro.htm?q=tag%3aVerbs+tag%3aLogins</link><description>Search results for 'tag:Verbs tag:Logins' matching tags 'Verbs' and 'Logins'</description><dc:language>en-US</dc:language><generator>CSMOD (Build: 3260.39585)</generator><item><title>Re: English with Russian... Find a friend</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/EnglishRussianFriend/zxgvn/post.htm#488202</link><pubDate>Wed, 12 Mar 2008 23:26:47 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:488202</guid><dc:creator>beaverbeaver</dc:creator><description>&lt;p&gt;hi guys! well i&amp;#39;m not russian, but i&amp;#39;m a fan of russia! &lt;img src="http://www.englishforums.com/emoticons/emotion-1.gif" alt="Smile" title="Smile" /&gt; although it&amp;#39;s very cold there. btw, can i ask something about russian grammar? is it like english structure ? Subject+tobe/verb+adj/noun ..etc etc ? &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;if you don&amp;#39;t find me here, go to my second community ok guys. I&amp;#39;m not promoting anything, i like both forums, i just don&amp;#39;t have the time to login both at the same time, i&amp;#39;m always traveling and i login from airports while waiting for my plane, train stations, etc etc.&amp;nbsp; only my first community is like a family, the members are limited there, a closer relationship you could say. but englishforums is bigger and i get some infos here. very nice to see people from different countries trying to learn the same language&lt;/p&gt;</description></item><item><title>Suggestions for Improving Grammar on Site</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/SuggestionsImprovingGrammarSite/zlcxg/post.htm</link><pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2008 14:47:48 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:472470</guid><dc:creator>Grammarfixerupper</dc:creator><description>&lt;P&gt;Hello:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I am new to the site (was led here by a search engine) and&amp;nbsp;am&amp;nbsp;surprised to see a number of grammatical errors in and around the site in general.&amp;nbsp; I haven't looked everywhere, but below you will find a list of the ones that I noticed right off the bat:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;UL&gt;
&lt;LI&gt;The site mistakenly uses, in many&amp;nbsp;places (including the welcome e-mail),&amp;nbsp;"login" and "logout"&amp;nbsp;as verbs; however, the verb is two words: "log in" or "log out."&amp;nbsp; The noun/adjective can be one word, but never can the verb.&amp;nbsp; In other words, it would be correct to say that "I log in at the login page."&amp;nbsp; Many sites are guilty of this offense, including those of major corporations.&amp;nbsp; The real test is to put the verb in the past tense.&amp;nbsp; You wouldn't say that "She loginned yesterday" (one word).&amp;nbsp; Rather, you would say that "She logged in yesterday" (two words).&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Other&amp;nbsp;common misuses (though not necessarily seen on this&amp;nbsp;site)&amp;nbsp;include pickup, checkout,&amp;nbsp;and rollover.&amp;nbsp; 
&lt;LI&gt;The paragraph on the main page needs some commas (which I've added between asterisks):&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/LI&gt;&lt;/UL&gt;
&lt;P&gt;According to &lt;a href="http://www.alexa.com/data/details/traffic_details?&amp;amp;range=2y&amp;amp;size=large&amp;amp;compare_sites=&amp;amp;y=r&amp;amp;url=www.englishforums.com" target="_blank" title="http://www.alexa.com/data/details/traffic_details?&amp;amp;range=2y&amp;amp;size=large&amp;amp;compare_sites=&amp;amp;y=r&amp;amp;url=www.englishforums.com"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#246398&gt;Alexa&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, weâre now the worldâs busiest EFL forum*,* with up to 30,000 visits each day - 'Kudos' to our amazing team! &lt;BR&gt;Due to massive demand*,* &lt;a href="http://www.thechatpage.com/" target="_blank" title="http://www.thechatpage.com/"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#246398&gt;LIVE chat&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/a&gt; is here. Please read the &lt;a href="/English/GeneralGuidelinesTermsConditions/khz/Post.htm" target="_blank" title="/English/GeneralGuidelinesTermsConditions/khz/Post.htm"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#246398&gt;guidelines, terms and conditions&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/a&gt; before posting. &lt;B&gt;PLEASE DO NOT POST PERSONAL CONTACT ADDRESSES&lt;/B&gt;. &lt;a href="/user/CreateUser.aspx?ReturnUrl=/Default.aspx" target="_blank" title="/user/CreateUser.aspx?ReturnUrl=/Default.aspx"&gt;&lt;FONT color=#246398&gt;Register here&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/a&gt;; we will &lt;STRONG&gt;never send you spam&lt;/STRONG&gt;!&lt;BR&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;UL&gt;
&lt;LI&gt;Finally, there is a little phrase at the top right-hand corner when one is logged in.&amp;nbsp; It says, "Welcome back XYZ" (where XYZ is the username).&amp;nbsp; Because someone is being addressed in this phrase, there should be a comma after "back."&lt;/LI&gt;&lt;/UL&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Thank you for your attention, and keep up the great work!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Warm regards,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Andy&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Pucca's expressions - I understood it now</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/PuccasExpressionsUnderstood/6/vhxlg/Post.htm#372714</link><pubDate>Wed, 30 May 2007 18:35:30 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:372714</guid><dc:creator>Kooyeen</dc:creator><description>Hi everyone, I'm back.&lt;br&gt;I just posted anonymously, damn login.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I said that I think it is the verb "understand" that is odd, not the structure... I don't know why. I still think "Ok, I got it now, thanks"&amp;nbsp; is perfectly ok, instead.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Can't you think of other examples where "now" means "this time" and it is used with a past simple? For example, after having tried to jump over a wall many times, when you succeed: "Woohoo, I jumped it now, did you see that? I did it!". Or something like that...&lt;br&gt;Thanks &lt;img src="/emoticons/emotion-1.gif" alt="Smile [:)]" /&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/3/dpjcw/Post.htm#326901</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 14:48:23 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326901</guid><dc:creator>Pioussoul</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Kilimanjaro wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt; 
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Your sentences are not "reduced relative clause" they are "adverbial clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;". The "Participles" don't define any preceding noun.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;So, you're the anonymous, kilimanjaro, right?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;First, my sentences are indeed "&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;reduced from a relative clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;", here is my reason. Sentence 2 derives from 2a:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2a. The mouse, &lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;which saw the cat&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;, ran off.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Now, do you agree that the words highlighted in blue is a non-restrictive relative clause, which is used as an adjective postmodying the mouse?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Second, maybe you were not aware of the fact that a participial construction can serve both&amp;nbsp;as&amp;nbsp;an adjective and an adverb. Please refer to your grammar books on the participial construction, and after that, it's possible that we&amp;nbsp;may go on our discussion.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;"&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;What is the difference between a reduced relatice clause" and "participial construction".&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt; I'm still thumbing through the pages and couln't yet find a section where it says "Participles" are "reduced relative clauses"&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;[pioussoul]:&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;&lt;EM&gt;Well, because you're pressed for time, I'd explain it concisely--a participial construction is actually reduced from a few different clauses,&amp;nbsp;inclusive of&amp;nbsp;an adjectival relative clause. &lt;STRONG&gt;There is no such term as a reduced relative clause&lt;/STRONG&gt;.&lt;/EM&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Can you tell me which option is the restatement of the following sentence in bold.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;The British Ambassador to Paris, making his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;1-The British Ambassador to Paris, who made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;after making&amp;nbsp;his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;3-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;EM&gt;having&amp;nbsp;made/making&lt;/EM&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt; his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;All of them are all possible. Because you're in a hurry, I'll post this right now. Talk to you later.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/3/dpjbh/Post.htm#326883</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 14:08:22 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326883</guid><dc:creator>Pioussoul</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Kilimanjaro wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt; 
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Your sentences are not "reduced relative clause" they are "adverbial clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;". The "Participles" don't define any preceding noun.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;So, you're the anonymous, kilimanjaro, right?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;First, my sentences are indeed "&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;reduced from a relative clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;", here is my reason. Sentence 2 derives from 2a:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2a. The mouse, &lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;which saw the cat&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;, ran off.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Now, do you agree that the words highlighted in blue is a non-restrictive relative clause, which is used as an adjective postmodying the mouse?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Second, maybe you were not aware of the fact that a participial construction can serve both&amp;nbsp;as&amp;nbsp;an adjective and an adverb. Please refer to your grammar books on the participial construction, and after that, it's possible that we&amp;nbsp;may go on our discussion.&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;"What is the difference between a reduced relatice clause" and "participial construction". I'm still thumbing through the pages and couln't yet find a section where it says "Participles" are "reduced relative clauses"&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Can you tell me which option is the restatement of the following sentence in bold.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;The British Ambassador to Paris, making his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;1-The British Ambassador to Paris, who made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;after making&amp;nbsp;his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;3-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;having&amp;nbsp;made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, anonymous, I'm glad to answer your question, but I'm not used to talking to someone without a name. By the way, do you have an alias?&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/3/dpwpw/Post.htm#326833</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 12:50:24 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326833</guid><dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Kilimanjaro wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt; 
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Your sentences are not "reduced relative clause" they are "adverbial clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;". The "Participles" don't define any preceding noun.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;So, you're the anonymous, kilimanjaro, right?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;First, my sentences are indeed "&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;reduced from a relative clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;", here is my reason. Sentence 2 derives from 2a:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2a. The mouse, &lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;which saw the cat&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;, ran off.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Now, do you agree that the words highlighted in blue is a non-restrictive relative clause, which is used as an adjective postmodying the mouse?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Second, maybe you were not aware of the fact that a participial construction can serve both&amp;nbsp;as&amp;nbsp;an adjective and an adverb. Please refer to your grammar books on the participial construction, and after that, it's possible that we&amp;nbsp;may go on our discussion.&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;"What is the difference between a reduced relatice clause" and "participial construction". I'm still thumbing through the pages and couln't yet find a section where it says "Participles" are "reduced relative clauses"&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Can you tell me which option is the restatement of the following sentence in bold.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;The British Ambassador to Paris, making his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;1-The British Ambassador to Paris, who made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;after making&amp;nbsp;his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;3-The British Ambassador to Paris,&amp;nbsp;having&amp;nbsp;made his first public speech as ambassador yesterday, said that the destines of France and Britain were indissolubly linked.&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: adjective or adverbial</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/AdjectiveOrAdverbial/2/dpwxv/Post.htm#326812</link><pubDate>Fri, 09 Feb 2007 12:17:08 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:326812</guid><dc:creator>Pioussoul</dc:creator><description>&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Kilimanjaro wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Pioussoul wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt;&lt;BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;table width="85%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="txt4"&gt;&lt;img src="/Themes/default/images/icon-quote.gif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Anonymous wrote:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="quoteTable"&gt;&lt;table width="100%"&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td width="100%" valign="top" class="txt4"&gt; 
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;His family, who had gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;A) His family, having gone to Egypt last summer, decided to go to Spain this summer.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;1. I don't think we can&amp;nbsp; reduce Non-defining relative clauses. In speech yes, It does not matter because&amp;nbsp;of a whiz-deletion.But in Written English Non-defining relative pronouns (with comma on both sides), cannot be reduced. Only definings are reducable.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2. Can the Past Participle (Having done) post modify a noun? No I don't think so!&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I'll be more than pleased if you prove me if I am wrong.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hi, Anonymous, I don't see any problems with the lines in green. Here are more&amp;nbsp;illustrations from a grammar book for your reference:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;1. Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;2. The mouse, seeing the cat, ran off.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;&lt;STRONG&gt;3. The mouse ran off, seeing the cat.&lt;/STRONG&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;The above are rather strictly written&amp;nbsp;English sentences for me; I wonder if they sound the same to you. &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Btw, would you please login so that we may greet you correctly.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Hello Pioussoul,&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;Your sentences are not "reduced relative clause" they are "adverbial clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;". The "Participles" don't define any preceding noun.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/BLOCKQUOTE&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;So, you're the anonymous, kilimanjaro, right?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;First, my sentences are indeed "&lt;EM&gt;&lt;FONT color=#008000&gt;reduced from a relative clause&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/EM&gt;", here is my reason. Sentence 2 derives from 2a:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;2a. The mouse, &lt;STRONG&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;which saw the cat&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/STRONG&gt;, ran off.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Now, do you agree that the words highlighted in blue is a non-restrictive relative clause, which is used as an adjective postmodying the mouse?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Second, maybe you were not aware of the fact that a participial construction can serve both&amp;nbsp;as&amp;nbsp;an adjective and an adverb. Please refer to your grammar books on the participial construction, and after that, it's possible that we&amp;nbsp;may go on our discussion.&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>how or what?</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/HowOrWhat/dkvhm/post.htm</link><pubDate>Tue, 05 Dec 2006 22:16:27 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:300980</guid><dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator><description>&lt;P&gt;Hello, everybody.&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;One of my many doubts... :-(&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;Is there any rule I can follow in&amp;nbsp;choosing&amp;nbsp;"how" as an interrogative pronoun?&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;i.e. 1. &lt;FONT color=#ff1493&gt;How (or what?)&amp;nbsp;do you say *** in English? &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#ff1493&gt;2. How (or what?) do you pronounce *** in English? &lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#000000&gt;I learnt to say "What do you call ***...?" but it still sounds me strange&amp;nbsp;(or strangely?? ), because in Italian the interrogative form with "how"&amp;nbsp;can be answered by&amp;nbsp;both nouns and&amp;nbsp;adverbs.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;

&lt;P&gt;ps. I'm not anonymus... where do I have to login??&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: It's you who is/are answering me</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/ItsYouWhoIsAreAnsweringMe/dcjdw/post.htm#263049</link><pubDate>Tue, 05 Sep 2006 18:08:21 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:263049</guid><dc:creator>Kooyeen</dc:creator><description>&lt;P&gt;The above post is mine, I forgot to login, as always. &lt;img src="/emoticons/emotion-1.gif" alt="Smile [:)]" /&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I found out something on the Net&amp;nbsp;about this issue, and they disagree with each other:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;It is you who are leaving&lt;/FONT&gt; ----&amp;nbsp; &lt;a href="http://www.zianet.com/jkline/u3pnagr.htm" target="_blank" title="http://www.zianet.com/jkline/u3pnagr.htm"&gt;http://www.zianet.com/jkline/u3pnagr.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;"it is you who is responsible for this" - not "are."&lt;/FONT&gt; ----&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://www.stage-door.org/stampact/traps.html" target="_blank" title="http://www.stage-door.org/stampact/traps.html"&gt;http://www.stage-door.org/stampact/traps.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT color=#0000ff&gt;the "who" refers to the "you," so we want "have."&lt;/FONT&gt;&amp;nbsp;----&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/grammarlogs3/grammarlogs467.htm" target="_blank" title="http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/grammarlogs3/grammarlogs467.htm"&gt;http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/grammarlogs3/grammarlogs467.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;As you can see, they all say different things. But what I did then was this: again, I tryed to find what&amp;nbsp;is more usual. I've checked a lot of websites, even song databases and American blogs. So:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;UL&gt;
&lt;LI&gt;It's you who/that is trying to understand.&lt;/LI&gt;
&lt;LI&gt;It's you who/that needs an answer.&lt;/LI&gt;
&lt;LI&gt;It's you who/that doesn't understand this at all.&lt;/LI&gt;&lt;/UL&gt;
&lt;P&gt;But notice the plural verb here:&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;UL&gt;
&lt;LI&gt;It's you guys who/that are trying to understand.&lt;/LI&gt;
&lt;LI&gt;It's you learners who/that need an answer.&lt;/LI&gt;
&lt;LI&gt;It's you who/that don't understand this at all. (plural &lt;EM&gt;you&lt;/EM&gt;, you readers, you guys)&lt;/LI&gt;&lt;/UL&gt;
&lt;P&gt;I believe the tenses used in those sentences are the most idiomatic and most accepted, even if they might be grammatically wrong. &lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;If anyone has some different opinions or want to tell us what they use in everyday's speech, they are free to post in this thread. &lt;img src="/emoticons/emotion-1.gif" alt="Smile [:)]" /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;</description></item><item><title>Re: Should &amp;quot;yet&amp;quot; be romoved from this sentence?</title><link>http://www.englishforums.com/English/RomovedSentence/cnccw/post.htm#231531</link><pubDate>Thu, 01 Jun 2006 17:46:40 GMT</pubDate><guid isPermaLink="true">946f00bb-57d3-4b7b-a9a2-059b5341af52:231531</guid><dc:creator>Anonymous</dc:creator><description>&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=å®ä½&gt;Thank you for&amp;nbsp;the above&amp;nbsp;prompt answer, Clive.&lt;img src="/emoticons/emotion-1.gif" alt="Smile [:)]" /&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=å®ä½&gt;I just couldn't login this website later yesterday&amp;nbsp;perhaps because there were too much visitors.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=å®ä½&gt;Your answer is very helpful.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=å®ä½&gt;That&amp;nbsp;was not the first time that I made such mistakes as for the first question. The word "blind" is too familiar to me as an adj. that I failed to take it as a verb. And I thought "dazzle" should be in the same part of speech as "blind", thus the unwise question No.1 generated.&lt;img src="/emoticons/emotion-10.gif" alt="Embarrassed [:$]" /&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=å®ä½&gt;And Iâve learned much from the second question's answer, too.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
&lt;P&gt;&lt;FONT face=å®ä½&gt;Thank you again.&lt;img src="/emoticons/emotion-1.gif" alt="Smile [:)]" /&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/P&gt;</description></item></channel></rss>