Example:
Then in this sentence:
what is the grammatical relation between something elegant and superior to their own, a pleasant ornament to wear, and a useful accessory to adopt? Apposition or juxtaposition?
He is G. Bush, the President of the United states. (G.Bush=the President of the U.S i.e. apposition)
Ford, Chevrolet, Dodge, Toyota, Honda are the mainstream brands. (Ford, Chevrolet, Dodge, Toyota, Honda are all different companies i.e. juxtaposition)
Then in this sentence:
To the Japanese, a 'foreign culture' has always represented something elegant and superior to their own, a pleasant ornament to wear, a useful accessory to adopt.
what is the grammatical relation between something elegant and superior to their own, a pleasant ornament to wear, and a useful accessory to adopt? Apposition or juxtaposition?
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Comments
To me, this is a tricky question, especially since my dictionary gives 'juxtaposition' as a meaning of 'apposition'.
Here are some thoughts.
Words placed together to qualify or explain the first word.
My friend, a teacher, ....
Bozo the clown
Words placed together to highlight a contrast.
My friend, my enemy, ...
I tend to think juxtaposition is a form of apposition used to contrast.
By this definition, your sentence about foreign cultures uses apposition, but not the contrasting or juxtaposing kind.
I would say your list of car manufacturers is neither apposition nor juxtaposition, it's just a list, and as such the last item should be preceded by 'and'.
I might be wrong here. Others may offer you a much better explanation.
Best wishes,
Clive
Now, isn't there any possibility that they are just a series of items? Or are they in apposition?
OK, I hope I understand now.
To me, this is not a list for the grammatical reason that the last item is not preceded by 'and'. This signals to me that the writer is intending apposition.
The meaning also suggests apposition to me, although it could easily be put in list form and there wouldn't be a lot of change in the meaning.
Consider;
A. He is my husband, friend, father of my children.
B. He is my husband, friend and father of my children.
To me, 'A' signals a closer connection.
As regards usage, we write a lot more in style 'B' than style 'A'. 'A' sounds literary and 'higher style'.
As I said, others may offer other views.
Clive
Are you saaying that a series of items has to end with 'and item x'? I thought 'and' was the signal of the end of the series, which means 'there is noting more.'
Example:
Any list should end with 'and (last item)'. (Or other words depending on the syntax, eg 'or')
You need to say '.... and Honda are ...'.
A list is a list. If you want to qualify or describe the list in some way, you need to explain in words. eg
Ford, Chevrolet, Dodge, Toyota and Honda are some of the mainstream brands.
Ford, Chevrolet, Dodge, Toyota and Honda are examples of the mainstream brands.
Best wishes,
Clive
I don't understand. Would you say 'Tom, Mary, John came to class'? They are different entities, as are Ford, Chevrolet, Dodge, Toyota and Honda.
Clive